Mercury (Metallic)

Hazard statements (CLP)

H330, H360D, H372, H410

Code

Statements

H330

Fatal if inhaled

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

Classification of the substance or mixture Acute Tox. 2;H330 Fatal if inhaled Repr. 1B;H360D May damage the unborn child STOT RE 1;H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. Specific Target Organs: (Central Nervous System) Aquatic Chronic 1;H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

2.2 Label elements

Using the Toxicity Data listed in section 11 and 12 the product is labeled as follows. Danger H330 Fatal if inhaled. H360D May damage the unborn child. H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.

Prevention

[[Prevention]:]] P201 Obtain special instructions before use. P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P260 Do not breathe mist / vapors / spray. P264 Wash thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P281 Use personal protective equipment as required. P284 Wear respiratory protection.

Response

[[Response]:]] P304+340 IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P308+313 IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice / attention. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor / physician. P314 Get Medical advice / attention if you feel unwell. P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see information on this label). P391 Collect spillage.

Storage

[[Storage]:]] P403+233 Store in a well ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405 Store locked up.

Disposal

[[Disposal]:]] P501 Dispose of contents / container in accordance with local / national regulations.

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Acute Tox. 2;H330 Fatal if inhaled. Repr. 1B;H360D May damage the unborn child. STOT RE 1;H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. Specific Target Organs: (Central Nervous System) Aquatic Chronic 1;H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. 2.2. Label elements Using the Toxicity Data listed in section 11 and 12 the product is labeled as follows. Danger H330 Fatal if inhaled. H360D May damage the unborn child. H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. [Prevention]: P201 Obtain special instructions before use. P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P260 Do not breathe mist / vapors / spray. P264 Wash thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P281 Use personal protective equipment as required. P284 Wear respiratory protection. [Response]: P304+340 IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P308+313 IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice / attention. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor / physician. P314 Get Medical advice / attention if you feel unwell. P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see information on this label). P391 Collect spillage. [Storage]: P403+233 Store in a well ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405 Store locked up. [Disposal]: P501 Dispose of contents / container in accordance with local / national regulations. 3. Composition/information on ingredients This product contains the following substances that present a hazard within the meaning of the relevant State and Federal Hazardous Substances regulations. Ingredient/Chemical Designations Weight % GHS Classification Notes Mercury 100 Repr. 1B;H360D [1][2] CAS Number: 0007439-97-6 Acute tox. 2;H330 STOT RE 1;H372 Aquatic Acute 1;H400 Aquatic Chronic 1;H410 In accordance with paragraph (i) of §1910.1200, the specific chemical identity and/or exact percentage (concentration) of composition has been withheld as a trade secret. [1] Substance classified with a health or environmental hazard. [2] Substance with a workplace exposure limit. [3] PBT-substance or vPvB-substance. *The full texts of the phrases are shown in Section 16. 4. First aid measures 4.1. Description of first aid measures General In all cases of doubt, or when symptoms persist, seek medical attention. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Inhalation Remove to fresh air, keep patient warm and at rest. If breathing is irregular or stopped, give artificial respiration. If unconscious place in the recovery position and obtain immediate medical attention. Give nothing by mouth. Eyes Irrigate copiously with clean water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids apart and seek medical attention. Skin Remove contaminated clothing. Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water or use a recognized skin cleanser. Ingestion If swallowed, wash out mouth with water, obtain immediate medical attention. Keep at rest. Do NOT induce vomiting. 4.2. Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed Overview Eye: Contact with eyes may cause severe irritation, and possible eye burns. Vapors may cause eye irritation. Skin: May cause skin irritation. May be absorbed through the skin in harmful amounts. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. Chronic exposure to mercury may cause permanent central nervous system damage, fatigue, weight loss, tremors, and personality changes. Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause effects similar to those for inhalation exposure. Inhalation: Causes respiratory tract irritation. Inhalation of fumes may cause metal fume fever, which is characterized by flu-like symptoms with metallic taste, fever, chills, cough, weakness, chest pain, muscle pain and increased white blood cell count. May cause central nervous system effects including vertigo, anxiety, depression, muscle incoordination, and emotional instability. May cause severe respiratory tract irritation. Chronic: Chronic exposure to mercury may cause permanent central nervous system damage, fatigue, weight loss, tremors, and personality changes. Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively. Antidote: The use of Dimercaprol or BAL (British Anti-Lewisite) as a chelating agent should be determined by qualified medical personnel. The use of d-Penicillamine as a chelating agent should be determined by qualified medical personnel. See section 2 for further details. Inhalation Fatal if inhaled. 5. Fire-fighting measures 5.1. Extinguishing media Substance is nonflammable; use agent most appropriate to extinguish surrounding fire. 5.2. Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture Hazardous decomposition: Mercury/mercury oxides. Do not breathe mist / vapors / spray. 5.3. Advice for fire-fighters As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Combustion generates toxic fumes. ERG Guide No. 172 6. Accidental release measures 6.1. Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures Put on appropriate personal protective equipment (see section 8). 6.2. Environmental precautions Do not allow spills to enter drains or waterways. Use good personal hygiene practices. Wash hands before eating, drinking, smoking or using toilet. Promptly remove soiled clothing and wash thoroughly before reuse. 6.3. Methods and material for containment and cleaning up Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Wear a self contained breathing apparatus and appropriate personal protection. (See Exposure Controls, Personal Protection section). 7. Handling and storage 7.1. Precautions for safe handling Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid breathing dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. See section 2 for further details. - [Prevention]: 7.2. Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities Handle containers carefully to prevent damage and spillage. Incompatible materials: Acetylene, ammonia, boron phosphodiiodide, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, methyl azide, sodium carbide, halogens, strong oxidizers. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Keep away from metals. Poison room locked. See section 2 for further details. - [Storage]: 7.3. Specific end use(s) No data available. 8. Exposure controls and personal protection 8.1. Control parameters Exposure CAS No. Ingredient Source Value 0007439-97-6 Mercury OSHA TWA 0.1 mg/m3 ACGIH Alkyl compounds TWA: 0.01 mg/m3 STEL 0.03 mg/m3 Skin Aryl compounds TWA: 0.05 mg/m3 C 0.1 mg/m3 Skin Elemental/Inorganic 0.025mg/m3 Skin NIOSH No Established Limit Supplier No Established Limit Carcinogen Data CAS No. Ingredient Source Value 0007439-97-6 Mercury OSHA Select Carcinogen: No NTP Known: No; Suspected: No IARC Group 1: No; Group 2a: No; Group 2b: No; Group 3: Yes; Group 4: No; 8.2. Exposure controls Respiratory Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR §1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary. Eyes Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. Wear appropriate gloves to prevent skin exposure. Engineering Controls Provide adequate ventilation. Where reasonably practicable this should be achieved by the use of local exhaust ventilation and good general extraction. If these are not sufficient to maintain concentrations of particulates and any vapor below occupational exposure limits suitable respiratory protection must be worn. Other Work Practices Use good personal hygiene practices. Wash hands before eating, drinking, smoking or using toilet. Promptly remove soiled clothing and wash thoroughly before reuse. See section 2 for further details. - [Prevention]: 9. Physical and chemical properties Appearance Silver Liquid Odor Odorless Odor threshold Not Measured pH Not Applicable Melting point / freezing point -38.87 deg C Initial boiling point and boiling range 356.5 deg C @ 760.00mmHg Flash Point Not Measured Evaporation rate (Ether = 1) Not Available Flammability (solid, gas) Not Applicable Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits Lower Explosive Limit: Not Measured Upper Explosive Limit: Not Measured Vapor pressure (Pa) 0.002 mmHg @ 25C Vapor Density 7 (Air=1) Specific Gravity 13.5400g/cm3 (Water=1) Solubility in Water Insoluble Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (Log Kow) Not Measured Auto-ignition temperature Not Measured Decomposition temperature Not Available Viscosity (cSt) 1.554 cP 20.00 Molecular Formula Hg Molecular Weight 200.59 9.2. Other information No other relevant information. 10. Stability and reactivity 10.1. Reactivity Hazardous Polymerization will not occur. 10.2. Chemical stability Stable under normal circumstances. 10.3. Possibility of hazardous reactions No data available. 10.4. Conditions to avoid High temperatures, incompatible materials, metals. 10.5. Incompatible materials Acetylene, ammonia, boron phosphodiiodide, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, methyl azide, sodium carbide, halogens, strong oxidizers. 10.6. Hazardous decomposition products Mercury/mercury oxides. 11. Toxicological information Acute toxicity Ingredient Oral LD50, Skin LD50, Inhalation mg/kg Vapor LC50, Dust/Mist LC50, Gas LC50, mg/L/4hr ppm Mercury - (7439-97-6) 37.00, Rat - No data Category: 2 available Note: When no route specific LD50 data is available for an acute toxin, the converted acute toxicity point estimate was used in the calculation of the product's ATE (Acute Toxicity Estimate). Classification Category Hazard Description Acute toxicity (oral) 2 Fatal if swallowed. Acute toxicity (dermal) --- Not Applicable Acute toxicity (inhalation) 2 Fatal if inhaled. Skin corrosion/irritation --- Not Applicable Serious eye damage/irritation --- Not Applicable Respiratory sensitization --- Not Applicable Skin sensitization --- Not Applicable Germ cell mutagenicity --- Not Applicable Carcinogenicity --- Not Applicable Reproductive toxicity 1B May damage the unborn child. STOT-single exposure --- Not Applicable STOT-repeated exposure 1 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. Aspiration hazard --- Not Applicable 12. Ecological information 12.1. Toxicity Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. No additional information provided for this product. See Section 3 for chemical specific data. Aquatic Ecotoxicity Ingredient 96 hr LC50 fish, 48 hr EC50 crustacea, ErC50 algae, mg/l Mercury - (7439-97-6) Not Available 0.0052, Daphnia magna Not Available 12.2. Persistence and degradability There is no data available on the preparation itself. 12.3. Bioaccumulative potential Not Measured 12.4. Mobility in soil No data available. 12.5. Results of PBT and vPvB assessment This product contains no PBT/vPvB chemicals. 12.6. Other adverse effects No data available. 13. Disposal considerations 13.1. Waste treatment methods Observe all federal, state and local regulations when disposing of this substance. 14. Transport information DOT (Domestic Surface IMO / IMDG (Ocean ICAO/IATA Transportation) 14.1. UN number UN2809 14.2. UN proper shipping UN2809, Mercury, 8, III Mercury name 14.3. Transport hazard DOT Hazard Class: 8 (6.1) IMDG: 8 Air Class: 8 class(es) Sub Class: 6.1 14.4. Packing group III 14.5. Environmental hazards IMDG Marine Pollutant: Yes ( Mercury ) 14.6. Special precautions for user No further information 15. Regulatory information Regulatory Overview The regulatory data in Section 15 is not intended to be all-inclusive, only selected regulations are represented. Toxic Substance All components of this material are either listed or exempt from listing on the TSCA Control Act ( TSCA) Inventory. WHMIS Classification D1A US EPA Tier II Hazards Fire: No Sudden Release of Pressure: No Reactive: No Immediate (Acute): Yes Delayed (Chronic): Yes EPCRA 311/312 Chemicals and RQs (lbs): Mercury ( 1.00) EPCRA 302 Extremely Hazardous: To the best of our knowledge, there are no chemicals at levels which require reporting under this statute. EPCRA 313 Toxic Chemicals: Mercury Proposition 65 - Carcinogens (>0.0%): To the best of our knowledge, there are no chemicals at levels which require reporting under this statute. Proposition 65 - Developmental Toxins (>0.0%): Mercury Proposition 65 - Female Repro Toxins (>0.0%): To the best of our knowledge, there are no chemicals at levels which require reporting under this statute. Proposition 65 - Male Repro Toxins (>0.0%): To the best of our knowledge, there are no chemicals at levels which require reporting under this statute. New Jersey RTK Substances (>1%): Mercury Pennsylvania RTK Substances (>1%): Mercury 16. Other information The information and recommendations contained herein are based upon data believed to be correct. However, no guarantee or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, is made with respect to the information contained herein. We accept no responsibility and disclaim all liability for any harmful effects which may be caused by exposure to our products. Customers/users of this product must comply with all applicable health and safety laws, regulations, and orders. The full text of the phrases appearing in section 3 is: H330 Fatal if inhaled. H360D May damage the unborn child. H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. H400 Very toxic to aquatic life. H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. This is the first version in the GHS SDS format. Listings of changes from previous versions in other formats are not applicable. The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information for their particular purposes. In no way shall WM Mercury Waste Inc. be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or for lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages. End of Document 1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................. 1 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................. 1 3.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITY ................................ 1 4.0 SAMPLING PLAN DESIGN AND RATIONALE ...................................... 2 5.0 TARGET PARAMETERS ................................................................................... 2 5.1 LABORATORY PARAMETERS .................................................................................... 2 5.2 FIELD PARAMETERS ................................................................................................. 3 6.0 DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES ........................................................................ 3 7.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE OBJECTIVES FOR MEASUREMENT DATA ... 3 8.0 PROCEDURES FOR THE COLLECTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES .............................................................................................................. 3 8.1 SURFACE SOIL SAMPLING ........................................................................................ 3 8.1.1SOIL GRAB SAMPLES ............................................................................................... 4 8.2 SUBSURFACE SOIL SAMPLING .................................................................................. 4 8.3 TIBBITS AVENUE RIGHT OF WAY SAMPLING ........................................................... 5 8.4 BERM SAMPLING ...................................................................................................... 5 8.5 HEADSPACE SOIL SAMPLING .................................................................................... 5 8.6 GROUNDWATER SAMPLING PROCEDURES ................................................................ 5 8.7 FIELD EQUIPMENT CLEANING .................................................................................. 6 8.8 WASTE HANDLING ................................................................................................... 6 8.9 DOCUMENTATION AND CHAIN OF CUSTODY PROCEDURES ...................................... 7 8.9.1 Packaging and Shipping Procedures ........................................................... 7 8.9.2 Chain-of-Custody Procedures ..................................................................... 8 9.0 SAMPLE ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES ....................................................... 9 9.1 FIELD ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES ........................................................................... 9 9.2 LABORATORY ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES ............................................................... 9 9.2.1 SOIL AND GROUNDWATER METHODS ............................................. 9 9.3 SAMPLE DOCUMENTATION IN THE LABORATORY .................................................... 9 10.0 CALIBRATION .................................................................................................... 9 10.1 FIELD INSTRUMENTS .............................................................................................. 10 10.1.1 Portable Organic Vapor Analyzer Calibration .......................................... 10 10.1.2 Conductivity, pH Meter, Do, Turbidity, Temperature Calibration ........... 10 10.2 LABORATORY EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION .............................................................. 10 10.2.1 Laboratory Instrument Preventative Maintenance ................................... 11 10.2.3 Gas Chromatograph Instruments .............................................................. 12 10.3.4 Atomic Absorption Instruments ................................................................ 12 10.3.4 Thermometers ........................................................................................... 12 10.3.5 Analytical Balances .................................................................................. 13 11.0 INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL CHECKS ............................................... 13 11.1 FIELD MEASUREMENTS .......................................................................................... 13 11.2 LABORATORY ANALYSIS ....................................................................................... 13 11.2.1 Laboratory Quality Control....................................................................... 13 11.2.2 Reagent (Method) Blanks ......................................................................... 13 11.2.3 Laboratory Control Samples (LCS)/ Blank Spike Analyses .................... 13 11.2.4 Matrix Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicate (MS/MSD) .................................... 13 11.2.5 Surrogate Analysis .................................................................................... 14 11.2.6 Retention Time Window Determination ................................................... 14 11.2.7 Internal Standards .................................................................................... 14 11.2.8 Cleanup Check Samples ........................................................................... 14 11.2.9 Sample Collection QC .............................................................................. 14 12.0 DATA REDUCTION, VALIDATION, AND REPORTING .......................... 15 12.1 DATA REDUCTION ................................................................................................. 15 12.1.1 Field Data Reduction Procedures .............................................................. 15 12.1.2 Laboratory Data Reduction Procedures ................................................. 15 12.2 DATA VALIDATION ................................................................................................ 16 12.3 LABORATORY DATA REPORTING ........................................................................... 16 12.4 DATA RECONCILIATION WITH REQUIREMENTS FOR USABILITY ............................. 16 13.0 PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEM AUDITS .................................................... 17 13.1 FIELD PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEM AUDITS .......................................................... 17 ii 13.1.1 Internal Field Audit Responsibilities ............................................................. 17 13.1.2 External Field Audit Responsibilities ....................................................... 18 13.2 LABORATORY PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEM AUDITS ............................................. 18 13.2.1 Internal Laboratory Audit Responsibilities ............................................... 18 13.2.2 External Laboratory Audit Responsibilities.............................................. 18 13.3 SPECIFIC ROUTINE PROCEDURES TO ASSESS DATA PRECISION, ACCURACY, REPRESENTATIVENESS, AND COMPLETENESS (“PARC”) ............................................ 18 13.3.1 Precision .................................................................................................... 19 13.3.1.1 Precision Objectives...........................................................................19 13.3.2 Accuracy ............................................................................................19 13.3.2.1 Accuracy Objectives ..........................................................................19 13.3.3 Completeness ............................................................................................ 20 13.3.3.1 Completeness Objective..........................................................................20 13.3.4 Representativeness .................................................................................... 20 13.3.4.1 Representativeness Objective .................................................................20 13.3.5 Corrective Actions .................................................................................... 20 14.0 FIELD NOTES .................................................................................................... 21 Figures Figure 1..................Project Organization Figure 2..................Berm Soil PCB Concentrations Figure 3..................PCB Sampling Locations Figure 4..................Surface Soil Sampling Locations and PCB Concentrations Figure 5..................Tibbits Avenue Right-of-Way Remediation Area Figure 6..................Berm Interim Remedial Measure Locations Figure 7..................Mound Area Test Pit Locations Figure 8..................Groundwater Sampling Locations Tables Table 1...................Sample Analytical Requirements Table 2...................Sample Analytical Procedures and Sample Preservation Requirements Table 3...................Quality Assurance Sample Schedule Table 4...................Quality Assurance Sample Samples and Use Appendices Appendix A.............Procedures for Surface Soil Sampling Appendix B.............Procedures for Subsurface Soil Sampling Appendix C.............Procedures for Groundwater Sampling Appendix D.............Procedures for Waste Handling iii 1.0 INTRODUCTION Leader Professional Services, Inc. (“Leader”) prepared this Quality Assurance and Quality Control (“QA/QC”) Project Plan to provide information pertaining to the collection, handling, analysis and documentation of standards for site activities. Leader will use the sample test results to prepare the Remedial Investigation Report and Feasibility Study Report and Interim Remedial Action (“IRM”) Report for the R. Freedman & Son property located in Green Island, New York. 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION This QA/QC Project Plan was prepared to support soil and groundwater sampling and analysis that will be used to further characterize the R. Freedman & Sons, Tibbits Avenue, Green Island property (“Site”) and to confirm IRM activities meet the soil cleanup objectives (“SCO”) by providing procedures for the collection, handling, analysis of samples and documentation standards of the Site activities. 3.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITY The management structure of this project is presented in Figure 1 “Project Management Organization.” The responsibilities of the project personnel shown in Figure 1 are described below: NYSDEC Project Manager - Kyle Forster, Division of Remediation, located in Albany, New York, (518) 402-8644. Mr. Forster’s responsibility is to manage the project and the NYSDEC personnel who are assigned to the project for technical review and oversight, and to ensure that all aspects of the project are completed. Mr. Forster will be notified prior to deviations from the protocols presented herein and if there has been a problem with the procedures or analyses because of Site-specific conditions. Principal-in-Charge – Michael Rumrill, Leader, 271 Marsh Road, Suite 2, Pittsford, New York 14534, (585) 248-2413. Mr. Rumrill’s responsibility is for overall quality control and to ensure that adequate resources are dedicated to this project. Project Quality Assurance Officer/ Project Manager, Peter von Schondorf, P.G, Leader, 271 Marsh Road, Suite 2, Pittsford, New York 14534, (585) 248-2413. Mr. von Schondorf’s responsibility is to ensure that the project and QA/QC Project Plan are adhered to and to enforce any corrective actions needed and be a point of contact for all technical issues regarding the project. Mr. von Schondorf will be notified by Leader’s Site Manager or by the analytical laboratory of any deviations from the protocols presented herein or if there has been a problem with implementing the procedures or analyses because of Site-specific conditions. Project Engineer, Dixon Rollins, P.E, Leader, 271 Marsh Road, Suite 2, Pittsford, New York 14534 (585) 248-2413. Mr. Rollins’ responsibility is to ensure that the Work Plan is adhered, to enforce any corrective actions needed and to supervise all technical aspects of the project implementation and report writing. Mr. Rollins’ will be notified by Leader’s Site Manager or Project Manager of any problems with implementing the procedures or analyses because of Site- specific conditions, or deviations from the protocols presented herein. Project Supervisor/Site Manager, Robert Murphy, Leader, 271 Marsh Road, Suite 2, Pittsford, New York 14534, (585) 248-2413. Mr. Murphy’s responsibility is to manage the project and to ensure that aspects of the project are completed in accordance with the work plan, and to manage the field investigation and the project budget. 4.0 SAMPLING PLAN DESIGN AND RATIONALE The design of the Sampling Plan is discussed in the Supplemental Work Plan for Additional Field Sampling Activities and Interim Remedial Measures (“Supplemental Work Plan”) and to a limited extent also discussed in the following sections. The Sampling Plan is intended to be implemented in as a series of individual and concurrent run tasks to make the best use of field time. In general, the conceptual model for the Site’s geology, hydrogeology, receptors and contaminants, is the Site’s overburden is composed of new stone fill, a historic fill layer, and native soils as defined in the Draft Remedial Investigation Report. A layer of historic fill and native soils were found with saturated soils found within the native soil. Groundwater was found at approximately 8 feet below the ground surface and migrating from the northwest corner of the Site to the southeast. The implementation of the Supplemental Work Plan will provide additional Site investigation in an area suspected to have been a former train roundhouse or turnstile/maintenance facility (“mound area”). In addition to this investigation task, the Supplemental Work Plan will be implemented to conduct soil sampling to confirm soil removal has satisfied SCOs of the IRM and the re-sampling of the groundwater monitoring wells. The procedures for the proposed sampling are discussed in the following sections. 5.0 TARGET PARAMETERS 5.1 Laboratory Parameters Soil collected for investigation purposes and groundwater samples will be analyzed for Chemicals of Potential Concern (“COPC”). The COPCs include Target Compound List (“TCL”), volatile organic compounds (“VOCs”), TCL semi-volatile organic compounds (“SVOCs”), TCL pesticides/polychlorinated biphenyls (“PCBs”), and Target Analyte List (“TAL”) inorganics plus cyanide and mercury. In addition to these parameters four groundwater monitoring wells will be sampled for the NYSDEC’s emerging contaminants: 1,4-Dioxane and Perfluorochemicals (“PFCs”), including Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (“PFAS”), and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (“PFOA”). PFAS and PFOAs will be referred to collectively herein as PFCs. Soil removed from the public right of way (“ROW”) along Tibbits Avenue and from the Site’s berm will be analyzed for selected parameters. The ROW along Tibbits Avenue will be sampled once the PCB contaminated soil has been removed for PCBs to determine if the SCOs have been 2 met. There are two hotspot areas within the Site’s berm which will be subject to a soil removal; berm sample location 10 will be analyzed for PCBs, while berm sample location 13 will be analyzed for mercury, only. A summary of the analytical parameters for each medium is provided in Table 1. 5.2 Field Parameters Field parameters measured during groundwater sampling will include the following: conductivity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential and turbidity. These field parameters will be measured during groundwater sampling with the use of a flow through cell. A photoionization detector (“PID”) will be used for soil sampling and soil vapor sampling to evaluate undisturbed and disturbed soil conditions and to evaluate the soil gas upon construction of the soil vapor sampling point. 6.0 DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES The data quality objectives (“DQOs”) were determined based on the use of the data and the analytical reporting limits that can be achieved with the analytical methods specified. The results of the soil sample analyses obtained during the investigation will be compared to the NYSDEC’s Part 375 Soil Cleanup Objectives for unrestricted use and restricted industrial use which is consistent with the current and anticipated future use. The results of the analysis of the groundwater samples collected during the investigation will be compared to the NYSDEC TOGS 1.1.1 Ambient Water Quality Standards and Groundwater Effluent Values. 7.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE OBJECTIVES FOR MEASUREMENT DATA Specific procedures for sampling, laboratory instrument calibration, laboratory analysis, reporting of data, internal QC, audits, preventive maintenance, and corrective action are described below. 8.0 PROCEDURES FOR THE COLLECTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES The procedures in this document have been standardized to apply to the anticipated site’s field conditions. It must be recognized that under certain conditions, the procedures discussed herein may not be appropriate given the site conditions at the time of the sample collection. In such cases, it will be necessary to adapt the procedures given those specific conditions of the Site and the sampling objective. Changes will be discussed with NYSDEC before sampling. 8.1 Surface Soil Sampling The collection of surface soil samples is not anticipated during the investigation of the mound area since this area is covered with clean stone and concrete. Samples may be obtained during 3 the Site visit to confirm the removal of stationary equipment (shredder, cyclone, etc.). However, if historic fill or stained material is found a surface soil sample will be collected as grab sample. 8.1.1 Soil Grab Samples All surface soil grab samples will be collected at the locations in the mound area where historic fill is found at the ground surface or identified during a Site walk-through and obtained from areas where there are stains or residual materials present which may be a source of contamination. The sampling procedures to be used are detailed in Appendix A of this Plan and limited to the upper two inches of soil. The purpose of limiting the depth of investigation is to obtain data on the immediate environmental and health risks associated with the surface soil. Leader will enter the information pertinent to the sampling procedures used and observations of the environmental conditions at the time of sampling into a field logbook with an indelible ink marker. The samples will be visually inspected for staining, color and texture following the Unified Soil Classification System. The samples will be screened with a PID. 8.2 Subsurface Soil Sampling Leader will conduct subsurface soil sampling at the proposed sampling locations shown on Figures 3, 5, 6 and 7 of the Supplemental Work Plan from November 2018. The sampling procedures to be used are provided in Appendix B using a location dedicated sampling spoon or trowel from the excavated test pit soil. The purpose of the subsurface soil sampling is to obtain data on the extent of soil contamination within specific intervals in the overburden to characterize the soil and groundwater zone conditions. The intervals to be sampled include the following: • Fill and Native Soil (see Figure 7). The fill and/or native soil in the unsaturated zone is expected to be found from 0 to 6 feet below the ground surface. At any given location, the fill may extend into the groundwater zone or the layer of fill may be thin. In general, at each sampling location, a sample of the fill and a sample of the native soil will be collected in the unsaturated zone. If the fill and soil do not meet any of the criteria for sample collection (e.g. staining, odors, PID reading, etc.) then the sample will be collected within the fill, at the fill and native soil interface and at the water table. • Saturated Zone (see Figure 7). Leader selected this interval to determine if the saturated zones fill or soil materials are a source of contamination or if the contaminated groundwater is contaminated the fill/soil. Each of test pit location is anticipated to be sampled to the water table. Excavation below the water table will be dependent on soil and groundwater conditions (i.e., does the groundwater immediately flood the hole or seep into the hole at a few gallons per minute or less. Samples will be collected where evidence of contamination is found, but if no indication of contamination is found or groundwater limits the depth of excavation, then the default sampling interval will be conducted at the water table level. Leader will enter information pertinent to the sampling procedures used and observations of the environmental conditions at the time of sampling into a field logbook with an indelible ink marker. The samples will be inspected to evaluate organic vapor readings, color, staining, and texture 4 following the Unified Soil Classification System, location of stains and the location of saturated soil. The information gathered during the collection of subsurface soil samples collected using a sampling device during drilling or using a trowel during a test pit excavation will be recorded in the field notebook and on a boring log/test pit log that is provided in Appendix B. 8.3 Tibbits Avenue Right of Way Sampling Sampling will be conducted within the soil removal area shown on Figures 5 of the Supplemental Work Plan from November 2018. The sampling procedures to be used are provided in Appendix B. The soil from the surface left in place after the soil removal will be sampled at a rate of one sample per 30 feet of excavation. The soil will be removed from the upper two inches of soil over an area of approximately one square foot. The purpose of the soil sampling is to obtain data to confirm the concentration of PCBs in the soil. The location of the sample, the soil conditions, and date and time of sampling will be noted in the field notes. 8.4 Berm Sampling Sampling will be completed within the two berm soil removal areas shown on Figures 7 of the Supplemental Work Plan from November 2018. The sampling procedures to be used are provided in Appendix B. The soil from the soil left in place after the soil removal will be sampled at a rate of one sample per side wall and bottom. The soil will be removed from the upper 2-inches of soil over an area of approximately one square foot. The purpose of the soil sampling is to obtain data to confirm the concentration of PCBs (berm sample location 10) and mercury (berm sample location 13). The samples are expected to be collected from the historic fill used to form the berm, but will the interval sampled will be based on the presence of stains, PID measurements or the depth where the original sample with the exceedance of the SCO was collected. At the location of the sample, the soil conditions, PID measurements, and date and time of sampling will be noted in the field notes. 8.5 Headspace Soil Sampling A portion of each sample collected from the mound test pits or the berm soil removal area will be retained for head space screening using a PID. Leader will collect these grab samples using a spoon or trowel as soon as possible after the soil has been removed and the visual inspection has been completed. The samples will be placed into a clean plastic bag or a clean glass container. If the ambient air temperatures are below 70-degrees Fahrenheit (“F”) the samples will be warmed either by placing them into the sunlight or in a warm area for approximately five minutes before they are screened with the PID. Leader will record the screening results in the field logbook. 8.6 Groundwater Sampling Procedures Groundwater sampling will be completed at each of the proposed monitoring well locations or any existing monitoring wells found on the Site (see Figure 8 of the Supplemental Work Plan, August 2018). The sampling procedures to be used are detailed in Appendix C of this QA/QC Plan and Appendix 3 of the Supplemental Work Plan (August 2018). The purpose of the groundwater sampling is to obtain a representative sample of the shallow groundwater zone. Leader will enter the information pertinent to the sampling procedures used and observations of the environmental conditions at the time of sampling into a field logbook with an indelible ink marker. 5 The samples collected from permanent monitoring wells will be measured for the following field parameters during the monitoring well pre-sampling purging: water level depth below ground surface, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, specific conductance, oxidation-reduction potential, temperature and the presence of a sheen or non-aqueous phase liquids. The collection of the groundwater sample will be conducted after three measurements are taken at 10-minute intervals and the measurements do not vary more than 20-percent. The field parameter data collected during purging will be recorded on the sampling form provided in Appendix C and Appendix 3 of the Supplemental Work Plan, November 2018. 8.7 Field Equipment Cleaning All non-disposable equipment used for the collection, preparation, and preservation of the environmental samples must be cleaned prior to their use. Unless the equipment and materials used are disposable, or there are a sufficient number to be used during any one sampling period, cleaning will be conducted in the field. If possible, attempts will be made to minimize field cleaning. To avoid cross contamination between sampling points, dedicated disposable sampling equipment will be used when possible. The material needed to clean sample equipment is dependent upon the type of the equipment to be cleaned. A sampling trowel will have a different cleaning requirement than the probes used in a flow-through cell. The following is a generalized list of materials to be used during cleaning: • Cleaning solutions: Non-phosphate detergents will be used to clean sampling re-usable equipment. • Water: In some cases, tap water may be adequate for initial or intermediate rinses. The final rinses, however, will be with deionized/distilled water. • Buckets and washbasins: For use in the washing and rinsing of equipment. • A drying rack: All materials and equipment must be dried prior to additional use. Paper towels will be used when necessary for drying equipment. The excavator bucket used for the excavation of the test pits and soil removal will be decontaminated between sample locations, work areas and at the completion of each work day. The decontamination methods used will include: use of potable water obtained from either the Green Island fire hydrant or a potable water source; high pressure spray wash using hot water from a steam generator and drying of equipment. Soil sampling tools used for the collection of soil samples will be decontaminated by hand washing using soap and water and a stiff brush. The tools will be then rinsed with potable water and dried. Hand tools and heavy equipment (excavator buckets) will be cleaned on the decontamination pad. Wash water generated from the cleaning process will be containerized along with any solid material. 8.8 Waste Handling The handling of investigation-derived waste and any remediation waste generated from an IRM will be handled following the procedures identified in Appendix D. All wastes will be secured in containers and roll-off boxes. Plastic sheeting placed on the ground surface will be used as 6 temporary containment, and the pad will be bermed and covered with plastic sheeting so the waste is controlled at all times. Each container will be labeled to identify the waste, the location of generation (location or monitoring well number), and the date of generation. Before the end of a field session, the wastes will be sampled and analyzed for waste characterization. If the waste is determined to be hazardous, then each of those containers, boxes or piles will be appropriately labeled. All hazardous waste will be removed from the site within 90 days of its generation. 8.9 Documentation and Chain of Custody Procedures 8.9.1 Packaging and Shipping Procedures Once Leader collects the samples, the samples will be prepared and preserved in accordance with applicable procedures found in the Supplemental Work Plan and this OA/QC Plan and packaged for overnight shipment and/or delivery to the laboratory. Table 2 provides the container, preservation and holding time requirements for each sample media and the analysis to be conducted. Chain-of-custody procedures will be followed to ensure the proper handling and possession of the samples until the analytical laboratory has received the samples. This section outlines procedures for the packing and shipping of environmental samples and the general chain-of-custody procedures. All individual glass and plastic sample containers will be placed in a durable shipping container. An insulated plastic cooler be used. The following is an outline of the packing and shipping procedures Leader will follow: • The drain plug at the bottom of the cooler will be sealed to ensure that water from sample container breakage or ice melting does not leak from the container. • Check screw caps for tightness and mark the sample volume level on the outside of large containers. • For breakable containers, foam packing peanuts or bubble wrap may be used to keep containers in place and to prevent breakage. • When samples must be kept at 4 degrees C, ice sealed in plastic bags or cool packs will be placed in the cooler. • Documents accompanying the samples will be sealed in a plastic bag attached to the inside of the cooler lid. • The lid of the cooler will be closed and fastened. • Duct tape or reinforced shipping tape will be wrapped around the cooler several times to ensure that the lid will not open if the latch becomes unfastened. 7 • The following information will be attached to the outside of the cooler: name and address of receiving laboratory, return address of the sampling team, arrows indicating "This End Up" on all four sides, and a "This End Up" label on the top of the lid. • A custody seal will be affixed and signed across the lid of the cooler. Leader will ship the samples by air for next day delivery at the specified laboratory. Leader will open and reseal the cooler for inspection if is required by the courier. 8.9.2 Chain-of-Custody Procedures The primary objective of the chain-of -custody procedures is to create an accurate written record which can be used to trace the possession and handling of the sample from the moment of its collection through laboratory analysis and potentially introduction as evidence. The number of persons involved in collecting and handling samples should be kept to a minimum. Detailed field records will be kept in the project field logbook and will contain the following information: • Sample identification and source (including sampler's name, sample location, and sample media). • Dates and times of sample procurement, preparation, and shipping. • Preservative used. • Analyses required. • Pertinent field data (pH, DO, ORP, specific conductance, temperature, etc). To help eliminate possible problems in the chain-of-custody procedures, one staff person will be appointed Field Custodian for each task. For tasks where sampling teams are used, all samples are to be turned over to the Field Custodian by the team members who collected the samples. The Field Custodian will then document each sampling event and the sample will remain in his/her custody until it is shipped to the laboratory. The Field Custodian is responsible for properly packaging and dispatching samples to the laboratory. The responsibility includes filling out, dating and signing the appropriate portion of the chain-of-custody record. Labels will be firmly affixed to each sample container. The labels on each sample bottle will be filled out with waterproof ink prior to sample collection. Sample reference numbers identical to that recorded on the labels will be recorded on the chain-of-custody. When transferring the samples, the individual relinquishing the samples will sign and record the date and time on the chain-of-custody record. Every person who takes custody will fill in the appropriate section of the chain-of-custody record form, and their affiliated company. To reduce the amount of custody records, the number of custodians in the chain-of-possession will be minimized. 8 9.0 SAMPLE ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES 9.1 Field Analytical Procedures Field measurements will be conducted in accordance with the Supplemental Work Plan, August 2018. 9.2 Laboratory Analytical Procedures Chemical analyses in support of soil, groundwater, and air data will be performed by NYSDOH ELAP certified laboratory. The laboratory will maintain current SOPs for extraction, cleanup and analysis of soil and water matrices and must have on file current method detection limits (“MDL”) studies to demonstrate their ability to meet the project required reporting limits within these matrices. The MDLs must be performed by the laboratory on a yearly basis to ensure their ongoing ability to perform the methods, as specified. The MDLs will be performed in accordance with USEPA guidance described in 40 CFR 136, 1986, Appendix B, "Definition and Procure for the Determination of the Method Detection Limit -Revision 1.11." 9.2.1 SOIL AND GROUNDWATER METHODS Using the methods summarized in Table 1, the laboratory will perform analysis of soil, air and groundwater. 9.3 Sample Documentation in The Laboratory Upon receipt at the laboratory, the designated sample custodian will inspect the shipping cooler/container and the custody seal. The sample custodian will note the condition of the cooler/container and the custody seal on the Chain-of-Custody record sheet. The sample custodian will record the temperature of one sample (or temperature blank) from each cooler and the temperature will be noted on the Chain-of-Custody. If the shipping cooler seal is intact, the sample containers will be accepted for analyses. The sample custodian will document the date and time of receipt of the containers and sign the form. If damage or discrepancies are noticed (including sample temperature exceedances), they will be recorded in the remarks column of the record sheet, dated and signed. Any damage or discrepancies will be reported to the lab supervisor who will inform the lab manager and QA Officer before samples are processed. 10.0 INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION Both field instrumentation and laboratory analytical instrumentation are to be used to provide project data. Both systems will require regular calibration in order to provide comparable and accurate information. On-Site VOCs field data will be obtained using a portable organic vapor analyzer monitoring instrument, which will require daily calibration checks and weekly calibration. Other instruments requiring calibration include: the water quality meter used for DO, ORP, field conductivity, turbidity meters, pH and temperature. Since this instrument will be obtained directly from Eco Rental Solutions (“Eco Rental”) and used for on weekly basis, Leader will rely on Eco Rental to 9 provide calibrated equipment, but Leader will also have the manufacturer’s calibration instructions if field calibration is required. 10.1 Field Instruments 10.1.1 Portable Organic Vapor Analyzer Calibration The PID equipment has a calibrated range of 0 to 2000 parts per million volume (“ppmv”) total hydrocarbons and can collect instantaneous and 15-minute average concentrations. It is typically calibrated using isobutylene. A 10.2-eV lamp will be used, which ionizes many of the common air contaminants. The PID is highly sensitive to aromatic compounds such as benzene or toluene. Calibration will be performed prior to taking the instrument into the field. Certified isobutylene- in-air (100 ppm) and zero-air standard gases are used for calibration, according to the manufacturer's specifications. Calibration checks will be made daily (at a minimum) using the isobutylene calibration gas. If needed, the instrument will be re-calibrated when the calibration check falls below 10-percent of the isobutylene concentration of the calibration gas. Field calibration records will be kept in the project field logbook 10.1.2 Conductivity, pH Meter, Do, Turbidity, Temperature Calibration Tools and equipment which do not contain Telfon and other materials that may contribute PFOAs to the sample. Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl (“PFOAs”) substances will be used to sample. Similarly, field technicians will not wear clothing containing GORE-TEX or clothing that has been waterproofed with PFOAs containing substances. Eco Rental (Leader field equipment provider) will provide documentation that their tools and supplies do not contain PFOAs. The Horiba 22 or similar device Water Quality Monitor is a multi-probe instrument that can measure most of the required field parameters using one hand-held instrument. The instrument will be provided by Eco Rental along with operating manuals and calibration equipment. The calibration of the specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen (“DO”) and temperature will be checked prior to beginning work and again at the completion of sampling following the manufacturer’s operating procedures, or if results do not make sense based on prior testing. Field calibration records will be kept in the project field logbook Leader will measure turbidity using a standalone device such as the Lamotte 2020WE Turbidity meter. This device uses an optical sensor and utilizes manufacturer provided glassware to use a measurement container. The meter kit also contains a calibration liquid for field calibration. Calibration of the meter will be completed at the beginning and at the completion of the work day. Field calibration records will be kept by the Leader’s geologist in a project field logbook. 10.2 Laboratory Equipment Calibration All instruments used to perform chemical measurements must be properly calibrated prior and during use to ensure acceptable and valid results. The accuracy and traceability of all calibration standards used must be properly documented. 10 The methodologies selected for use in this investigation specify the types and frequency of calibrations. The specific methods to be used are provided in Table 1. Accessory analytical equipment such as refrigerators, balances and ovens required for the storage and preparation of samples must be calibrated and/ or monitored with the following guidelines: Equipment must be checked daily and these records kept in a logbook or calibration-specific log. The laboratory must document clearly the acceptance criteria for all such equipment (e.g., refrigerator temperature must be 4°C ± 2°C) and corrective actions must be taken for any out-of- control situation as described in the laboratory's Quality Manual. The equipment must not be used after corrective action until it has been recalibrated or verified through the successful analysis of a check standard. Calibrations of other miscellaneous analytical equipment (e.g., automatic pipettes) must be performed according to manufacturer's recommendations. Implementation of the laboratory calibrations will be the responsibility of the Laboratory Manager and the analysts performing the procedures. The procedures described in this QA/QC Plan are to be used in conjunction with specific instrument manufacturer's instructions, applicable analytical methodology requirements, and specific laboratory field procedures for instrument operation. 10.2.1 Laboratory Instrument Preventative Maintenance As part of the laboratory QA/QC program, a routine preventative maintenance program is conducted by the laboratory to minimize the occurrence of instrument failure and other system malfunctions. Designated laboratory employees regularly perform routine scheduled maintenance and repair of (or coordinate with the vendor for the repair of) all instruments. All laboratory instruments are maintained in accordance with manufacturer's specifications. The preventive maintenance program should include: An inventory of replacement and spare parts for instruments that are maintained. Maintenance logbooks for each instrument with information on routine and non-routine procedures. The logbook records must include the instrument number, description of malfunction or problem, date of maintenance activity, the type of activity performed and final resolution. Training of laboratory staff in the maintenance requirements of the instruments. Preventive maintenance schedules and activities will be outlined in the laboratory SOPs. 11 10.2.2 Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Spectrometer is maintained under service contract with the manufacturer. Typical routine preventive maintenance includes: • Checking pump tubing and replacing when necessary • Checking nebulizer for even "spray" and cleaning, as necessary • Checking the torch for plasma height and shape and cleaning, as necessary • Checking sensitivity of photomultiplier and replacing, as necessary 10.2.3 Gas Chromatograph Instruments The Gas Chromatographyy (“GC”) and GC/Mass Spectometry (“MS”) systems will be maintained on a service contract or undergo in-house maintenance to provide routine preventive maintenance. Spare parts for the GC and GC/MS systems should include: filaments, electron multiplier, source parts, o-rings, ferrules, septa, injection port liners, and columns. Routine preventive maintenance for the systems should include: • Checking the data systems (disk drives, hard drives etc.) and servicing, as necessary. • Changing oil and traps on mechanical and turbo pumps. • Conditioning of moisture traps, every two months or when the gas source is changed. • Carrier gas evaluation and leak checking of electron capture detector when the gas or column is changed. • Servicing the MS source through cleaning, replacement of filaments and other source parts, as necessary. • Replacement of injection port septa and liners, as necessary. • Clipping the front end of GC column or replacement of GC column, as necessary. 10.3.4 Atomic Absorption Instruments The atomic absorption (AA) systems will be maintained on a service contract or undergo in- house maintenance to provide routine preventive maintenance. Routine preventive maintenance procedures should include: • Checking the plumbing connections. • Checking the auto-sampler and tubing. 10.3.4 Thermometers Thermometers for refrigerators and ovens are calibrated yearly against National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) certified thermometers. The Laboratory QA Officer will be responsible for the safekeeping of the NIST thermometers and for the documentation asserting the accuracy of their measurements. 12 10.3.5 Analytical Balances Virtually every analytical procedure requires the use of side-loading and/or top-loading balances. Many of these requirements involve standards preparation and are, therefore, crucial to accurate determination. Balances should be maintained on a service contract. A calibration status label is affixed to each balance after calibration during servicing. 11.0 INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL CHECKS 11.1 Field Measurements The type and frequency of field-generated QC samples are summarized in Table 3. Primarily, rinse blanks, trip blanks, and field duplicates are employed to verify the field sampling approach. 11.2 Laboratory Analysis The type and frequency of laboratory generated QC samples are specified by the analytical method and the laboratory’s quality assurance plan. Criteria that the laboratory must meet are presented in the analytical methods. 11.2.1 Laboratory Quality Control Specific procedures related to internal laboratory QC samples are detailed in the analytical methods. The following QC samples will be analyzed, and the results will be used to assess overall analytical accuracy and precision. 11.2.2 Reagent (Method) Blanks Laboratory glassware and sample containers used to store and transport samples will be cleaned in accordance with method protocols. A reagent blank will be analyzed by the laboratory at a frequency of one blank per analytical batch. The reagent blank, an aliquot of analyte-free water or sand, will be carried through the entire sample preparation and analytical procedure, including all cleanup procedures. The reagent blank is used to document contamination resulting from the analytical process. 11.2.3 Laboratory Control Samples (LCS)/ Blank Spike Analyses The LCS or blank spike serves as a monitor of the overall performance of all steps in the analysis, including the sample preparation. LCS or blank spikes will be analyzed for each method using the same sample preparation and analytical procedures employed for the investigative samples. 11.2.4 Matrix Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicate (MS/MSD) An MS/MSD sample will be analyzed for organic parameters and inorganic parameters at a minimum frequency of one per 20 investigative samples. For each matrix, percent recoveries will be used to evaluate analytical accuracy while the RPD between MS/MSD analyses will be used to assess analytical precision. 13 11.2.5 Surrogate Analysis Surrogates are organic compounds which are similar to the analytes of interest but are not normally found in environmental samples. Surrogates are added to samples to monitor the effect of the matrix on the accuracy of the analysis. Every blank, standard, and environmental sample analyzed by GC or GC/MS, including MS/MSD samples, will be spiked with surrogate compounds prior to sample preparation. The compounds that will be used as surrogates and the levels of recommended spiking are specified in the methods. Surrogate spike recoveries must fall within the laboratory control limits. If surrogate recoveries are excessively low (<10 percent), the laboratory will contact the QA/QC Officer for further instructions. Dilution of samples to bring the analyte concentration into the linear range of calibration may dilute the surrogates out of the quantification limit. Reanalysis of these samples is not required. Assessment of analytical quality in these cases will be based on the MS/MSD sample analysis results. 11.2.6 Retention Time Window Determination For organic analyses, determination of the target analyte retention time window will be made based on the procedure specified in the methods of analysis. Positive identification of an analyte will be made when its retention time falls within the window established during calibration. 11.2.7 Internal Standards To ensure that changes in GC/MS response and sensitivity do not affect sample analysis results, internal standard compounds are added to all samples, blanks, and spike samples prior to VOC and SVOC analyses. All results are calculated as a ratio of the internal standard response. The criteria by which the internal standard results are assessed will be as follows: • Internal standard area counts must not vary by more than a factor of two (-50 percent to +100 percent) from the associated calibration standard. • The retention time of the internal standard must not vary more than ±30 seconds from the associated calibration standard. 11.2.8 Cleanup Check Samples Whenever a cleanup technique is employed to eliminate interferences that may prevent accurate determination of the targets of interest at the project required reporting limits, the cleanup procedure must be verified through the analysis of check standards. A standard containing some or all of the target analytes must be processed through the cleanup procedure and analyzed. The recovery of the target analytes in this check will indicate if the cleanup procedure was effective in elimination of interferences without impacting the target compounds of interest. 11.2.9 Sample Collection QC Field QA/QC sample quantities are summarized in Table 3 and the use in the analysis of the data is discussed in Table 4. Field duplicates will be submitted at a frequency of one per 20 investigative samples or one per sampling event. The duplicate results will be used to assess 14 overall sampling and analytical precision and will be assessed against acceptance criteria of 50 percent RPD for water samples and 100 percent for soil samples. Trip blanks for VOCs will be prepared by the laboratory using analyte-free water and submitted with the water sample collection containers. The trip blanks will be kept unopened in the field with sample bottles. One trip blank will be transported to the laboratory with each batch of aqueous VOC samples. The laboratory will analyze trip blanks as samples. Rinse blanks will be used to assess decontamination procedures of collection equipment used for multiple samples. The rinse blank will be prepared using analyte-free deionized water when non- dedicated equipment is used in the field. The rinse blanks will be analyzed by the laboratory as samples. Rinse blanks will be prepared at a frequency of one per 20 investigative samples per equipment type. 12.0 DATA REDUCTION, VALIDATION, AND REPORTING All data generated through field activities or by the laboratory operation shall be reduced and validated prior to reporting in accordance with the methods and the following procedures. 12.1 Data Reduction 12.1.1 Field Data Reduction Procedures Field data reduction procedures will be minimal in scope compared to those implemented in the laboratory setting. Only direct read instrumentation will be employed in the field. The pH, conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity readings collected in the field will be generated from direct read instruments following calibration per manufacturer's recommendations. Such data will be written into field logbooks immediately after measurements are taken and/ or recorded on field forms. If errors are made, results will be legibly crossed out, initialed, and dated by the field member, and corrected in a space adjacent to the original entry. Later, when the results forms required for this study are being filled out, the Field QA Officer will proof the forms to determine whether any transcription errors have been made by the field crew. 12.1.2 Laboratory Data Reduction Procedures For this project, the equations that will be employed in reducing data are found in the appropriate chapters of SW-846, Third Edition. All calculations are checked at the conclusion of each operating day. Errors are noted, corrections are made, but the original notations are crossed out legibly. Analytical results for soil samples shall be calculated and reported on a dry weight basis. Quality control data (e.g., laboratory duplicates, surrogates, matrix spikes, and matrix spike duplicates) will be compared to the method acceptance criteria. Data considered to be acceptable will be entered into the laboratory computer system. Data summaries will be sent to the Laboratory QA Officer for review. If approved, data are logged into the project database format. Unacceptable data shall be appropriately qualified in the project report. Case narratives will be prepared which will include information concerning data that fell outside acceptance limits, and any other anomalous conditions encountered during sample analysis. 15 12.2 Data Validation Data validation will be conducted in accordance with "U.S. EPA Contract Laboratory Program National Functional Guidelines for Organic Data Review," EPA-540/R-99/008, October 1999, and the "U.S. EPA Contract Laboratory Program National Functional Guidelines for Inorganic Data Review," EPA-540/R-94-013, February 1994. The data assessment will include a review of all technical holding times, instrument performance check sample results, initial and continuing calibration results, and all batch and matrix QC including rinse blanks, field duplicates, MS/MSD, matrix duplicates, surrogate recoveries, method blanks, LCS results, continuing and initial calibration checks, and the identification and quantitation of specific analytes of interest. Assessment of analytical and in-house data will include checks on data consistency by looking for comparability of duplicate analyses, adherence to accuracy and precision control criteria detailed in this QAPP, and anomalously high or low parameter values. The results of these data validations will be reported to Leader’s project manager and the laboratory, noting any discrepancies and their effect upon acceptability of the data. The data validation reports will summarize the samples reviewed, parameters reviewed, any nonconformance with the established criteria, validation actions (including data qualifiers). Data qualifiers will be consistent with the validation guidelines and will consist of the following: J: The analyte was positively identified; the associated numerical value is the approximate concentration of the analyte in the sample. UJ: The analyte was not detected above the sample reporting limit; however, the reporting limit is approximate. U: The sample was analyzed for, but was not detected above the sample reporting limit. R: The sample result is rejected due to serious deficiencies. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified. 12.3 Laboratory Data Reporting The Laboratory will provide electronic copies of all laboratory data reports for project reporting purposes in a format consistent with NYSDEC/USEPA Contract Laboratory Program (“CLP”) Category B deliverables. Equis electronic deliverables will also be required for the project database. 12.4 Data Reconciliation with Requirements for Usability The goal of this project is to produce data to be used in comparison to soil and groundwater quality cleanup criteria. As such, the data generated must meet the data user's needs as defined in the project DQOs in Section 6.0 of this QA/QC Plan. In summary, the primary objectives for assessing the usability of the data are: 16 1) To collect data that is representative of site conditions and comparable with prior data; 2) To produce data that meets the project reporting limit requirements; and 3) To produce data of the highest quality possible in order to accurately and precisely characterize the site. Data validation personnel will apply the standard data validation qualifiers to data to indicate the level of uncertainty in the associated result. In general, for the purposes of this investigation, data that are left unqualified, data qualified "U" (non-detected), data qualified "J" (detected as an estimated result), and data qualified "UJ" (non-detected at an estimated reporting limit) are considered valid and usable for project objectives. Data that are qualified "R" (rejected) will be considered invalid and unusable. The goal of this program is to generate valid, usable data. However, in environmental sampling and analysis, some data may be lost due to sampling location logistics, field or laboratory errors, or matrix effects that may cause the rejection of results for some compounds. The overall completeness goal for collection of valid data is 90 percent. If this goal is not met, data gaps may exist that may compromise the intended use of the data. 13.0 PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEM AUDITS Performance and system audits of both field and laboratory activities may be conducted in accordance with the Work Plan and this QA/QC Plan, to verify that sampling and analysis are performed in accordance with the procedures established. Performance and system audits of both field and laboratory activities will be conducted to verify that sampling and analysis are performed in accordance with the procedures established in the QA/QC Plan and analytical methods. The audits of field and laboratory activities will include two independent parts: internal and external audits. 13.1 Field Performance and System Audits 13.1.1 Internal Field Audit Responsibilities Internal audits of field activities include the review of sampling and field measurements conducted by the Field QA Officer. The audits will verify that all procedures are being followed. Internal field audits will be conducted once during each phase of the sampling and at the conclusion of the project. The audits will include examination of the following: 1) Field sampling records, screening results, instrument operating records 2) Sample collection 3) Handling and packaging in compliance with procedures 4) Maintenance of QA procedures 5) Chain-of-custody reports 17 Follow up audits will be conducted to correct deficiencies and to verify that procedures are maintained throughout the investigation. 13.1.2 External Field Audit Responsibilities External audits may be conducted by the NYSDEC or designee at any time during the field operations. These audits may or may not be announced and are at the discretion of the NYSDEC. 13.2 Laboratory Performance and System Audits 13.2.1 Internal Laboratory Audit Responsibilities For the purpose of internal evaluation, performance evaluation check samples are analyzed periodically by the laboratory. Internally, the evaluation of data from these samples is done on a continuing basis over the duration of a given project. The project QA Officer may carry out performance and/ or systems audits to ensure that data of known and defensible quality are consistently produced during this program. Systems audits are qualitative evaluations of all components of laboratory quality control measurement systems. They determine if the measurement systems are being used appropriately. The audits may be carried out before all systems are operational, during the program, or after completion of the analytical report by the laboratory. Such audits typically involve a comparison of the activities given in the QA/QC Plan described herein, with activities actually scheduled or performed. A special type of systems audit is the data management audit. This audit addresses only data collection and management activities and can be used to track data generation and manipulation through the lab. The performance audit is a quantitative evaluation of the measurement systems used for a monitoring program. It requires testing the measurement systems with samples of known composition or behavior to quantitatively evaluate precision and accuracy. A performance audit may be carried out by or under the auspices of the project QA Officer without the knowledge of the analyst during this program. It should be noted, however, that any additional QA audits would only be performed if deemed necessary. 13.2.2 External Laboratory Audit Responsibilities External audits will be conducted as required, by appropriate NYSDOH QA personnel. 13.3 Specific Routine Procedures to Assess Data Precision, Accuracy, Representativeness, and Completeness (“PARC”) The laboratory and the project QA/QC officer will evaluate data precision, accuracy, and completeness. 18 The purpose of this Section is to define the goals for the level of QA effort; namely, accuracy; precision and sensitivity of analyses; and completeness, representativeness, and comparability of measurement data from the analytical laboratories. QA objectives for field measurements are also discussed. DQOs have been established to ensure that the database developed during the monitoring activities meet the objectives and quality necessary for its intended use. 13.3.1 Precision Precision is a measure of degree to which two or more measurements are in agreement. Precision = (D2 – D1) / (D1+ D2)/2 x 100 D1 = original result D2 = duplicate result 13.3.1.1 Precision Objectives The method(s) precision (reproducibility between duplicate analyses) will be determined based on the duplicate analysis of matrix spike samples for organic parameters and duplicate sample analyses for inorganic parameters. Precision will be reported as Relative Percent Difference (RPD) between duplicate analyses. Sampling precision will be addressed through the collection and measurement of field duplicates at a rate of one per 20 investigative samples or one per sampling event, whichever is greater. Precision will be evaluated using the laboratory control limits. 13.3.2 Accuracy Accuracy is the degree of agreement between an observed or measured value and an accepted reference or true value. Accuracy = [(A-B)/C] X 100 A = The analyte determined experimentally from the spike sample. B = The background level determined by a separate analysis of the unspiked sample. C = The amount of spike added. 13.3.2.1 Accuracy Objectives Accuracy will be determined for both field and laboratory activities through the use of field blanks and matrix spike samples. Field (rinsate) blank samples will be collected and analyzed as a check on the efficiency of the sampling device cleansing protocols and to determine if the field, sample transporting procedures, preservatives, and environments have contaminated the sample. Rinse blanks will be collected at a frequency of one per 20 samples per equipment type. 19 The method accuracy (percent recovery) for water and soil samples will be determined by spiking selected samples (matrix spikes) with all representative spiking compounds, as specified in the analytical methods. Accuracy will be reported as the percent recovery of the spiking compound(s) and will be evaluated using the laboratory control limits. 13.3.3 Completeness Completeness is a measure of the amount of valid (usable) data obtained from a measurement system compared to the amount that was expected to be obtained under normal conditions. Completeness = (Number of useable data/Number of useable data planned) X 100 13.3.3.1 Completeness Objective Completeness is a measure of the amount of valid measurements obtained from all the measurements taken in the project. Laboratory completeness for this project will be 90 percent or greater. 13.3.4 Representativeness Representativeness expresses the degree to which data accurately and precisely represent a characteristic of a population, parameter variations at a sampling point, a process condition or an environmental condition within a defined spatial and/or temporal boundary. 13.3.4.1 Representativeness Objective Sampling protocols have been presented for the collection of a variety of samples exhibiting specific characteristics or conditions (i.e., the presence of stains or elevated PID readings or when field parameters collected during groundwater sampling stabilize). These conditions may not be representative of the site conditions, but possibly the worst case so the data might reflect what could potentially be on the site and drive risk assessment and eventual cleanup. In these cases, the term representativeness has a very small characteristic population and very small spatial area. Generically, representativeness may suggest a meaning of “typical” or “average” when in fact the sample was biased toward the worst case extreme. 13.3.5 Corrective Actions Corrective action is the process of identifying and correcting unacceptable procedures or QC performance that can affect data quality and usability. Corrective actions, if necessary, will be implemented in accordance with the procedures presented below and the laboratory SOPs. Corrective actions may be required for two classes of problems: analytical and equipment problems, and noncompliance problems. Analytical and equipment problems may occur during sampling and sample handling, sample preparation, and laboratory instrumental analysis. For non-compliance problems, for example, USEPA methods or QC measures are not being followed, a formal corrective action will be implemented at the time the problem is identified. The person who identifies the problem is responsible for notifying the Project Manager. A description of the problem and the corrective action implemented will be confirmed in writing via e-mail, facsimile, or technical memorandum. 20 Any nonconformance with the established QC procedures in this QAPP will be identified and corrected. 14.0 FIELD NOTES Field notes will be maintained by Leader’s field geologist during all field activities. The overall chronology of field activities as well as sampling details will be recorded in a bound logbook with an indelible ink marker. Each page will be consecutively numbered and signed by Leader’s Site Manager at the end of the workday. The following information, as appropriate, will be documented in the field notes: • Date • Weather conditions • Personnel on or visiting Site • Subcontractors on-Site • Worked performed • Changes to planned work as discussed with NYSDEC • Time at which work, sampling or analysis was performed • Equipment calibration methods and time • Problems with personnel or machinery • Sample identification numbers • Sampling sequence • Types of sample containers used • Parameters requested • Field analysis methods and data • Field observations during the sampling event • Name of sampler 21 Leader Professional Services, Inc. Principal-in-Charge Michael Rumrill Leader Professional Services, Inc. Quality Assurance Officer/PM Peter von Schondorf Leader Professional Services, Inc. Project Engineer Dixon Rollins, P.E. Leader Professional Services, Inc. Project Supervisor Matthew Knight Leader Professional Services, Inc. Health & Safety Erwin Dobrusin, CIH Field Services Laboratory Services Trec Environmental Contractors Alpha Analytical Title: Project Organization Project Drawn Figure R. Freedman & Sons Property 842.001 PVS Green Island, New York Date Checked August 31, 2018 MPR Prepared For: Eastern Metal Recycling, LLC 271 Marsh Road-Suite 2 Scale Leader Professional Services, Inc 143 Harding Avenue, 1st. Floor (585) 248-2413 Pittsford, New York 14534 NTS File Name 1 Bellmawr, New Jersey 08031 Fax (585) 248-2834 Site Location Approx. Location of Site Fence NORTH #12 17.4 ppm #13 7.74 ppm #11 15.3 ppm #1 Berm Sample Number and Locations #10 41.35 ppm #9* 12.14 ppm #8 0.596 ppm #7 4.22 ppm #1 #6 0.177 ppm 0.551 ppm #5 0.767 ppm #2* 8.77 ppm #4 6.46 ppm #3 10.95 ppm Title PCB Concentrations Project Drawn Figure 842.002 PVS Berm Soil Sampling Freedman & Sons Property, Green Island, NY Date Checked Leader Professional Services 8/31/2018 MPR Prepared Eastern Metal Recycling, LLC 271 Marsh Road, Suite 2 For 143 Harding Avenue, 1st. Floor Pittsford, NY 14534 Scale (585) 248-2413 File Name Bellmawr, New Jersey 08031 FAX (585) 248-2834 As Shown Site Map 2 Composited 1 Soil NORTH Sample Surface 6 Surface 4 Approx. Location Surface 5 Of Site Fence Surface 6 Surface Soil PCB Sample Locations Surface 13 Surface 2 Surface 11 Surface 10 Surface 12 Surface 9 Surface 7 Surface 8 Title Project Drawn PCB Sampling Locations Figure 842.002 PVS Freedman & Sons Property, Green Island, NY Checked Date 8/31/2018 MPR Leader Professional Services Prepared Eastern Metal Recycling, LLC 271 Marsh Road, Suite 2 For 143 Harding Avenue, 1st. Floor Pittsford, NY 14534 Scale (585) 248-2413 File Name Bellmawr, New Jersey 08031 FAX (585) 248-2834 As Shown Site Map 3 Surface 6 Composite 1 3.35 ppm Soil Sample NORTH Location 0.155 ppm Surface 4 4.7 ppm Surface 5 3.73 ppm Area suspected of being concrete and asphalt covered Surface 3 1.55 ppm Surface Soil Sample Area covered with Locations gravel, concrete or asphalt Samples used for composite Surface 2 0.249 ppm Approx. Location Of Site Fence Surface 1 0.98 ppm Title Surface Soil Sampling Locations Project 842.002 Drawn Figure & PCB Concentrations PVS Freedman & Sons Property, Green Island, NY Date Checked 8/31/2018 MPR Leader Professional Services Prepared Eastern Metal Recycling, LLC 271 Marsh Road, Suite 2 For 143 Harding Avenue, 1st. Floor Pittsford, NY 14534 Scale (585) 248-2413 File Name 4 Bellmawr, New Jersey 08031 FAX (585) 248-2834 As Shown Site Map Surface 12 PCB 0.0107 SS-06 PCB 1.3 SS-04 PCB 1.62 SS-08 PCB 0.142 Surface 1 PCB 0.981 Surface 10 PCB 0.857 Surface 11 PCB 1.53 Cannon Street SS-07 PCB 0.36 SS-05 PCB 0.24 James SS-03 PCB 1.78 St. Surface 9 PCB 1.439 Surface 7 PCB 0.685 SS-08 PCB 1.14 Surface 8 PCB 0.2739 SS-06 PCB 1.0 SS-07 PCB 0.36 Sample Id. PCB Value in milligrams per kilogram Proposed Remediation Area RI Surface Soil Sample Locations Samples collected for Freedman and Sons, locations cannot be confirmed. Title Tibbits Avenue Right of Way Remediation Area Project Drawn Figure Former Freedman & Sons Property PVS 842.002 Green Island, New York Date Checked Leader Professional Services, Inc 8/31/2018 MPR Prepared For Eastern Metal Recycling, LLC 271 Marsh Road-Suite 2 143 Harding Avenue, 1st Floor Pittsford, New York 14534 Scale (585) 248-2413 File Name 5 Bellmawr, New Jersey FAX (585) 248-2834 1” = 50’ Off site drawing Berm 10 Sample depth 5ft. PCB 41.4ppm Berm 13 Sample depth 5ft. Mercury 82 ppm Title Berm IRM Locations Project Drawn Figure Former Freedman & Sons Property PVS 842.002 Green Island, New York Date Checked Leader Professional Services, Inc 8/31/2018 MPR Prepared For Eastern Metal Recycling, LLC 271 Marsh Road-Suite 2 Pittsford, New York 14534 143 Harding Avenue, 1st Floor Scale File Name (585) 248-2413 6 Bellmawr, New Jersey FAX (585) 248-2834 As shown Site drawing Proposed test pit location Title Mound Area Test Pit Locations Project Drawn Figure Former Freedman & Sons Property PVS 842.002 Green Island, New York Date Checked Leader Professional Services, Inc 8/31/2018 MPR Prepared For Eastern Metal Recycling, LLC 271 Marsh Road-Suite 2 143 Harding Avenue, 1st Floor Pittsford, New York 14534 Scale (585) 248-2413 File Name 7 Bellmawr, New Jersey FAX (585) 248-2834 1” = 57’ Mound dwg MW-4 MW-6 MW-7 MW-6 MW-2 MW-1 MW-5 MW-3 PES-2 MW-1 Monitoring well location Monitoring well location to be sampled for 1,4-Dioxane, PFOA and PFOS Title Monitoring Well Locations for Supplemental Sampling Project Drawn Figure Former Freedman & Sons Property PVS 842.002 Green Island, New York Date Checked Leader Professional Services, Inc 8/31/2018 MPR Prepared For Eastern Metal Recycling, LLC 271 Marsh Road-Suite 2 143 Harding Avenue, 1st Floor Pittsford, New York 14534 Scale (585) 248-2413 File Name 8 Bellmawr, New Jersey FAX (585) 248-2834 1” = 160’ Well location drawing TABLE 2 Sample Analytical Procedures and Sample Preservation Requirements Type and Size Sample Type Analysis Container Soil TCL Volatiles Glass, 2-ounce jar with Teflon lined cap TCL Glass, 4-ounce Semivolatile jar with Teflon Organics lined cap TCL Pesticides Glass, 4-ounce jar with Teflon lined cap TAL Metals + Glass, 4-ounce Cyanide jar with Teflon lined cap Cyanide Glass, 4-ounce jar with Teflon line cap TCL Volatiles 40-ml vial with Groundwater Teflon septum TCL Glass, 1-Liter Semivolatile amber bottle Organics with Teflon lined cap TCL Pesticides Glass, 1-Liter amber bottle with Teflon lined cap TAL Metals Plastic, 1-Liter bottle with Teflon lined cap Cyanide Plastic, 500-ml with Teflon lined cap PFOAs High Density Polyethylene 250 ml 1,4-Dioxane Amber glass 500 ml Soil Vapor TO-15 VOCs 1 Liter Summa canisters 2 Cool to 4-deg. 10 days C 1 Cool to 4-deg. 10 days C 1 Cool to 4-deg. 10 days C 1 Cool to 4-deg. 180 days, C Mercury 26 days 1 Cool to 4-deg. 12 Days C 3 ph<2 adjusted 10 days with HCL Acid, Cool to 4 deg. C 1 Cool to 4 deg. 5 days C 1 Cool to 4 deg. 5 days C 1 pH<2 adjusted 180 days, with Nitric Mercury 26 Acid, Cool to 4 Days 1 pH >12 NaOH 12 days 1 Cool to 4-deg. 14-days from C extraction 2 Cool to 4-deg. 7-days from C extraction 1 None 30 days from day of collection TABLE 3 Quality Assurance Sample Schedule Trip Equipment Duplicate Matrix Blank1 Rinse Samples2 Spike2 Spike Samples2 Duplicates2 Soil Samples 1 per 1:20 sample sampling samples shipment tool Groundwater 1 per 1:20 Samples sample sampling samples shipment tool N/A = not applicable Notes: 1. VOCs only 2. All analyzed parameters TABLE 4 Schedule of Quality Assurance Samples and Uses Soil Groundwater Trip Blank √ Matrix Spike and √ Matrix Spike Duplicate Duplicates √ Equipment Rinse √ Blank Samples Submitted with each sample shipment and analyzed for volatile organic compounds to determine if cross contamination has occurred between the samples and the laboratory equipment. Two samples submitted once per 20 samples for each matrix and analyzed for the same analytical parameters as the typical environmental sample. Is used to determine accuracy of analytical equipment and evaluate sample matrix interference problems. One sample is submitted for 10 samples analyzed and analyzed for the same analytical parameters as the typical environmental sample. Is used to determine homogeneity of the sample and accuracy of analytical method and equipment. One sample is submitted for every sample tool used. Sample is analyzed for the same analytical parameters as the typical environmental sample. Is used to determine if decontamination procedures are impacting the sample or if procedures are cleaning the equipment. APPENDIX A Procedures for Surface Soil Sampling Surface Soil Sampling Procedures The collection of surface soil samples will be required to fulfill a variety of objectives including physical description, field screening, and laboratory chemical analysis. The task specific work plan specifies the data objective, location, depth, and analytical parameters for the soil sample program. The purpose of this field operation procedure is to describe the methods to be used during each of these activities. This procedure will be used for the collection of surface soil samples. Surface soil samples will be collected using a direct push (“DP”) sampling tool or a sample trowel to collect a sample. All surface soil samples will be collected from the upper 2-inches of overburden. In the event vegetation is growing in the sampling area, either a bare spot close to the original location will be selected for sampling or the vegetation will be removed and only the overburden material sampled. The data to be obtained will be used to assess the environmental quality of the ground surface and any impacts that may result from the contaminants that are present. Field Screening for Volatile Organics Soil samples collected for field screening will undergo the following handling procedures: • The sample sleeve will be removed from the DP sampling tool or split spoon sampler will be opened and the soil screened with the PID. • The observed organic vapor concentration will be recorded for future reference. • The sample will be visually inspected for soil classification, moisture content, and the presence of debris, stains or waste like materials (sludge, non-aqueous phase liquids). • The representative portions of the sample will be placed in a glass jars with screw on lids for chemical analysis following the parameter list for surface soil samples. Physical Description For each sample interval will be visually examined and described in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System. This information, together with a record of the length of the recovered portion of the interval, will be entered into the field logbook. Information to be included follows: • Date; • Boring Location Number; • Sample Number; • Depth Interval; • Orientation; and • Job Number. Soil Samples for Laboratory Analysis The Project’s Work Plan and, or Quality Assurance Plan specifies the sample containers to be used and the parameters to be analyzed. Samples to be analyzed shall be placed in the containers as quickly as possible. Furthermore, all samples for laboratory analysis shall be preserved and transported in accordance with the following procedures. All samples to be sent to the laboratory for chemical analysis must be maintained in a condition that is as close as possible to in situ conditions. The first consideration is the proper selection of containers, preservation, and associated holding times. Other considerations include proper field notes, proper chain-of- custody procedures, and proper labeling of the samples. Containers The Quality Assurance Plan specifies the containers to be used. Preservation The general purpose of preservation is to maintain the original characteristics (and thus validity) of the sample during the time required for shipping of the sample to the laboratory. For soil, the only preservation technique is cooling the sample to approximately 4°C. This will be done in the field using ice or cold packs in coolers. Samples which are visually (highly) contaminated will be kept in individual sample coolers prior to and during transportation to the laboratory. Sample Custody Procedures The goal of implementing chain-of-custody procedures is to ensure that the sample is traceable from the time it is collected until it, or its derived data, are used. Samples would be considered in “custody” under the following conditions: 1. It is in personal possession. 2. It is in personal view after being in personal possession. 3. It was in personal possession when it was property secured. 4. It is in a designated secure area. When transferring and/or shipping from the field, samples will be accompanied by the chain-of- custody record. The form includes the signatures of the relinquishers and the receiver as well as the date and time of the exchange, and any pertinent remarks. Since all samples will be immediately placed in coolers, shipment will also be made using these coolers. The samplers will complete the appropriate portion of the chain-of-custody form and deliver the cooler to the laboratory or to the shipping company. The receiving party will complete the remainder of the form and a copy will be retained by the sampler and kept with the field data sheets for that round of sampling. Each cooler will also be sealed using chain-of-custody tape. Labels The sample to be sent to the laboratory for chemical analysis will be identified with the following information: • Date and time of collection; • Location number; • Sample number; and • Sampler’s name and affiliation. Equipment Cleaning Methods Equipment in actual contact with a laboratory sample will be cleaned prior to and between each use. The equipment will then be temporarily placed on clean racks, off the ground until it is used. Equipment such as DP samplers, sample trowels and soil knives will be cleaned with the following materials: • Trisodium phosphate dissolved in clean water; • Clean water rinse; • Pesticide Grade Methanol rinse; • Distilled/deionized water rinse; and • Air dry. APPENDIX B Procedures for Subsurface Soil Sampling Soil Sampling Procedures The collection of samples will be required to fulfill a variety of objectives including physical description, field screening, and laboratory chemical analysis. The task specific work plan specifies the data objective, location, depth, and analytical parameters for the soil sample program. The purpose of this field operation procedure is to describe the methods to be used during each of these activities. This procedure will be used for the collection of subsurface samples. Soil samples will be collected using either a 4-foot-long by 2-inch-diameter direct push (“DP”) sampling tool, a 2 to 3-inch diameter split spoon sampler, or grab samples from the sidewall of an excavation. A Geoprobe sampling rig will be used to advance DP tooling and a truck mounted drilling rig, using hollow stem augers, will be used to advance the split spoon sampler. The DP sampling tool will collect the samples within a clear acrylic sleeve. Grab samples will be taken directly from the undisturbed soil using a clean trowel or from disturbed soil from the backhoe bucket. Samples taken from the backhoe bucket will only collect samples which are less likely to have been impacted by the bucket. Taking the sample from undisturbed soil clumps. The selection of material for sampling will follow the procedures identified below. Field Screening for Volatile Organics Soil samples collected for field screening will undergo the following handling procedures: • The sample sleeve will be removed from the DP sampling tool or split spoon sampler will be opened and the soil screened with the PID. • The observed organic vapor concentration will be recorded for future reference. • The sample will be visually inspected for soil classification, moisture content, and the presence of debris, stains or waste like materials (sludge, non-aqueous phase liquids). • The representative portions of the sample will be placed in a glass jars with screw on lids. Physical Description For each sample interval will be visually examined and described in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System. This information, together with a record of the length of the recovered portion of the interval, will be entered into the field logbook. Information to be included follows: • Date; • Boring Location Number; • Sample Number; • Depth Interval; • Orientation; and • Job Number. Soil Samples for Laboratory Analysis The Project’s Work Plan and, or Quality Assurance Plan specifies the sample containers to be used and the parameters to be analyzed. Samples to be analyzed shall be placed in the containers as quickly as possible. Furthermore, all samples for laboratory analysis shall be preserved and transported in accordance with the following procedures. All samples to be sent to the laboratory for chemical analysis must be maintained in a condition that is as close as possible to in situ conditions. The first consideration is the proper selection of containers, preservation, and associated holding times. Other considerations include proper field notes, proper chain-of- custody procedures, and proper labeling of the samples. Containers The Quality Assurance Plan specifies the containers to be used. Preservation The general purpose of preservation is to maintain the original characteristics (and thus validity) of the sample during the time required for shipping of the sample to the laboratory. For soil, the only preservation technique is cooling the sample to approximately 4°C. This will be done in the field using ice or cold packs in coolers. Samples which are visually (highly) contaminated will be kept in individual sample coolers prior to and during transportation to the laboratory. Sample Custody Procedures The goal of implementing chain-of-custody procedures is to ensure that the sample is traceable from the time it is collected until it, or its derived data, are used. Samples would be considered in “custody” under the following conditions: 1. It is in personal possession. 2. It is in personal view after being in personal possession. 3. It was in personal possession when it was property secured. 4. It is in a designated secure area. When transferring and/or shipping from the field, samples will be accompanied by the chain-of- custody record. The form includes the signatures of the relinquishers and the receiver as well as the date and time of the exchange, and any pertinent remarks. Since all samples will be immediately placed in coolers, shipment will also be made using these coolers. The samplers will complete the appropriate portion of the chain-of-custody form and deliver the cooler to the laboratory or to the shipping company. The receiving party will complete the remainder of the form and a copy will be retained by the sampler and kept with the field data sheets for that round of sampling. Each cooler will also be sealed using chain-of-custody tape. Labels The sample to be sent to the laboratory for chemical analysis will be identified with the following information: • Date and time of collection; • Boring number; • Sample number; and • Sampler’s name and affiliation. Equipment Cleaning Methods Equipment in actual contact with a laboratory sample will be cleaned prior to and between each use. The equipment will then be temporarily placed on clean racks, off the ground until it is used. Equipment such as DP samplers, split spoon samplers and soil knives will be cleaned with the following materials: • Trisodium phosphate dissolved in clean water; • Clean water rinse; • Pesticide Grade Methanol rinse; • Distilled/deionized water rinse; and • Air dry. Non-dedicated drilling equipment, backhoe buckets, and sampling equipment in contact with soil or waste materials will be cleaned prior to use and between each boring location. Decontamination of this equipment will be accomplished using a brush and trisodium phosphate dissolved in clean water to remove large solid particles, followed by steam cleaning with clean water. The equipment will be placed on top of open bins, drums, or “luggers” which will collect all wash water. When full, the contents will be pumped into closed drums and left on the Site for a disposal contractor. The drilling rig will be steam-cleaned prior to site entry and prior to leaving the site. APPENDIX C Procedures for Groundwater Sampling Procedures for Groundwater Quality Sampling The purpose of this document is to explain the procedures that will be followed during all groundwater sampling activities at the Site. The water quality sampling will take place over a period of one to several days. The first day will consist of the pre-sampling activities listed below. All of the water level measurements for the wells to be sampled during each round will be made in a single day. Wells will be evacuated and sampled during the same day. PRE-SAMPLING ACTIVITIES Well Maintenance Check Prior to every sampling event, a routine inspection of the condition of the protective casing and surface seal will be performed. The protective casing will be inspected for the integrity of the locking cap and the surface seal. In addition, each well will be checked for any other signs of damage or inadvertent entry. Observations of any irregularities will be noted in the field log book, as well as the well number, date, and time. Air Monitoring In order to provide workers with the proper respiratory protection for sampling, air monitoring in the breathing zone and immediately over the wellhead will be performed immediately after the initial uncapping. Health and safety procedures that are appropriate to the ambient air conditions will be implemented. Readings for both the breathing zone and wellhead will be recorded in the field log book. See the Health and Safety Plan for respiratory protection action levels, and a description of the proper air monitoring equipment. Water Level Measurements The depth to groundwater will be measured with an electronic depth-indicating sounder. The probe will be lowered into the well until the meter indicates water is reached. The probe will be raised above the water level and slowly lowered again until water is indicated. The cable will be held against the side of the inner protective casing for water level measurements and a depth reading taken. The value will be recorded to the nearest 0.01 foot in the field log book. The measurement will be repeated three times and the measurement recorded. The probe will be raised to the surface and together with the amount of cable that was wetted in the well, will be decontaminated with a wipe followed by a distilled/deionized water rinse. The calibrated cable on the depth indicator will be checked against a surveyor’s steel tape once per quarter year. A new cable will be installed if the cable has changed by more than 0.01 percent (0.01 feet for a 100-foot cable). WELL EVACUATION Overburden Monitoring Wells • The well will be purged with a low flow peristaltic pump. The pump’s acrylic or PVC intake tubing will be lowered into the monitoring well to a point that is approximately in the center of the monitoring well screen or in the center of the water column. The discharge end of the tubing will be placed into a flow-through cell from which groundwater quality parameters will be measured. The discharge from the flow-through cell will be routed into a five-gallon bucket for discharge measurement. For sampling water flow will be approximately 0.25 liters per minute or until a constant stream of water is obtained. The water level in the monitoring well will also be monitored and not allowed to drop below 0.125 feet from the original pre-sampling static water level. • When the groundwater quality is stable indicating that a representative sample of groundwater can be collected, the discharge end of the tubing will be disconnected from the flow-through cell and routed into a five-gallon bucket to collected spills from the filling of sample containers. • The appropriate sample vials will be filled slowly and with a constant stream of water (flow) to avoid sample aeration and the field parameter tests conducted as described in “Field Measurements.” FIELD MEASUREMENTS A portion of the groundwater collected during the sampling procedures will be subjected to the field tests of temperature, dissolved oxygen (“DO”), turbidity, specific electrical conductance, oxidation-reduction potential (“ORP”) and pH. Field measurements will be conducted on the well purge water immediately prior to sample collection. Groundwater for these tests will be collected and measured in a plastic flow-through cell. All field test parameters will be measured with a portable water quality instrument such as a Horiba U-22 Water Quality Monitoring System. Temperature will be measured to the nearest tenth of a degree and the value recorded in the field log book. Turbidity will be measured in standardized nephelometeric turbidity units (“N.T.U.”). After each measurement the N.T.U. value of the sample will be recorded. The goal of the well purging will be to reduce the turbidity of the groundwater extracted from the monitoring well to less than or equal to 50 N.T.U. The specific electrical conductance will be measured to the nearest 1unit and recorded in the field log book. The pH will be measured to the nearest 0.1 pH unit and the reading recorded in the field log book. The DO will be measured to the nearest 0.1 unit and the reading recorded in the field log book. The ORP will be measured to the nearest 1 millivolt and the reading recorded in the field log book. Calibration will be conducted according to manufacturer’s specifications. EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION All of the sampling equipment (excluding the water quality probes) will be decontaminated between sampling events using the following procedures or disposed of, if dedicated equipment is used (i.e. sample tubing). • An initial wash with trisodium phosphate dissolved in clean water; • Clean water rinse; • Pesticide Grade Methanol rinse; • Air dry. Decontamination wastewater will be collected in containers and disposed of properly. SAMPLE LABELS Sample labels will be placed on all samples and will contain the following information: • Date and time of collection; • Sample location; • Sample number; • Analysis to be performed; and • Sampler’s initials. FIELD LOG BOOKS The field log books used during sampling procedures will include the following information: • Sampler’s name (initials); • Sampling location; • Static water level (depth to water); • Depth to bottom of the well; • Calculated well volume; • Actual evacuation volume; • Date and time; • Analyses to be performed; • Preservation method; • Field meter calibration information; • General remarks (weather conditions, etc.); and • Sample number. All entries will be made in black indelible ink with a ball-point pen and will be written legibly. Entry errors will be crossed out with a single line, dated, and initialed by the person making the correction. Field log books will be reviewed by the Quality Assurance Officer on a weekly basis SAMPLE CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY A chain-of-custody form will be completed after sample collection event. The chain-of-custody forms will accompany the samples to the laboratory. The field personnel collecting the samples will be responsible for the custody of the samples until transportation to the laboratory. Sample transfer will require the individuals relinquishing and receiving the samples to sign, date, and note the time on the chain-of-custody forms. APPENDIX D Procedures for Waste Handling I The procedures identified in this Appendix were prepared with the intent of providing instruction for the safe handling, temporary storage and disposal of investigation derived waste and waste possibly generated from the completion of an interim remedial measure (“IRM”). In general, for any of the wastes generated during this project, will be placed in containers compatible with the waste and appropriate containers the type of waste being handled. Health and safety of the site workers is not covered in this procedure. Investigation Derived Waste Investigation derived waste can include: drill cuttings, decontamination water, purge water from monitoring wells, solid waste consisting of personnel protective equipment, card board, plastic, and paper. How the waste is handled will be decided based on the expected volume and the consistency of the waste. Consequently the following acceptable containers have been identified: Drums - Liquid Steel or plastic 55-gallon drums with closed lids will be utilized to control decontamination water and purge water from monitoring wells. In general, decontamination water will be kept segregated from other liquid waste because of the potential for this waste stream to be handled as a non-hazardous waste. Decontamination water will be pumped from the decontamination area into the drums after sediment has been removed. This will be done to minimize the amount of sediment accumulating in a drum and the possible need to sample the sediment. Groundwater pumped from monitoring wells during development and sampling will be containerized in steel or plastic closed lid drums. Since development waters may be heavily laden with sediment an open top drum may be used as an interim step before transferring the waste into closed drums. Sediment separated from development water will be temporarily held in an open top drum. In the event free product is found during the development or monitoring well purging, the free product will be placed in a separate drum and appropriately identified. When each drum is full, a label will be placed on the drum indicating the type of waste, where it is from (monitoring well number, decontamination pit, etc.), and the date it was generated. The drums will be placed in a location where site equipment and trucks will not disturb them and a location where they can be easily managed. Caution tape and, or snow fencing will be used to warn passerby’s of the materials being stored. Drums – Solids Steel or plastic open top 55-gallon drums will be used to containerize solids generated by the investigation activities. During the course of the field investigation waste solids will be generated and consist of unsoiled personnel protective equipment, paper, plastic, and card board (“dry waste”), and soil cuttings or sediment. Dry waste will not be co-mingled with other waste and handed as household trash. Personnel protective equipment that has been contaminated with dirt or free product will be separated from the other non- contaminated dry waste and placed in a separate drum. Soil cuttings or sediment from the decontamination area or development water will be placed into open top steel drums for temporary storage at work locations. At the completion of work at any particular location the drum will be brought to the temporary storage area. When each drum is full, a label will be placed on the drum indicating the type of waste, where it is from (monitoring well number or decontamination pit), and the date it was generated. The drums will be placed in a location where site equipment and trucks will not disturb them and a location where they can be easily managed. Caution tape and, or snow fencing will be used to warn passerby’s of the materials being stored. Soil Cuttings and Sediment Because the cost of the disposal of soil cuttings and sediment is significantly more when the waste is handled in drums, waste of similar quality will be placed on two layers of plastic sheeting. The temporary storage area will be located in an area where site equipment and trucks will not disturb the waste. The storage area will be constructed with a berm made from soil, sand bags or wood boards. The berm will be covered with a plastic sheet. A second plastic layer will drape over the first and have enough material so it can be folded over the waste. This layer will be secured in place with tires or water filled pails. If some of the waste is stained, giving off volatiles as measured by the organic vapor analyzer, or odorous a second pile may be started. If only a small quantity of waste has these characteristics then it may remain in a drum. The covered soil pile will be inspected for tears or the accumulation of rain or snow. Water will be drained from the plastic and onto the ground if there is no indication of a tear in the plastic. Water found mixed with the waste will be either pumped into a drum or absorbed and the plastic replaced of covered. Soil piles will be posted or labeled indicating the type of waste, where it is from (monitoring well number or decontamination pit), and the date it was generated. The piles will be surrounded with caution tape and, or snow fencing to warn passerby’s of the materials being stored. IRM Waste IRM waste will be handled like the investigation derived waste if the quantities expected to be generated remain relatively small: a few hundred gallons of water or less than 5-tons of soil. If the IRM will exceed those volumes and weights then tanks or a roll off box will be used to containerize the waste. However, regardless of the size of the container, the same procedures will be used. Waters will be as sediment free as possible and waste in the roll off box will be covered. If the waste is anticipated to be wet, the roll off box will be lined. The containers will be located to facilitate removal and, or to minimize handling. The containers will be labeled indicating the type of waste, where it is from (monitoring well number, decontamination pit, etc.), and the date it was generated. The tanks will have valves locked to minimize the consequences of vandalism. Roll offs will be surrounded with caution tape and, or snow fencing to warn passerby’s of the materials being stored. Waste Characterization It is anticipated that the waste characterization requirements will closely follow USEPA’s RCRA regulations, but these may be changed based on the requirements of the facilities where the waste may be landfilled and, or treated. Samples of the generated waste will be collected at the completion of field work. The goal of the waste characterization will be to remove the waste from the site within 90-days. SECTION S610 - LANDSCAPE S610-1 DESCRIPTION Work consists of establishment and maintenance of turf in lawn areas, and miscellaneous treatment of planting areas as required in Contract Documents and as directed by Project Manager. References to NYSDOT specifications are to be in accordance with latest edition of NYSDOT Standard Specifications (US Customary Units). S610-2 MATERIALS S610-2.01 Turf Establishment Contractor must provide following certifications to Project Manager:  Certification statement from grass seed mixture vendor stating botanical and common names, percentage by weight, and percentage of purity and germination for each type of grass seed provided in mixture  Certification statement from material manufacturer for fertilizers, soil amendments, herbicides and pesticides, and any other chemicals that may be required, including instructions for proper application method  Certification statement from material manufacturer for turf mulch and tackifier Pesticide appliers must be licensed and fully trained in use and application of pesticides. In no case is Contractor to permit use or application of any pesticide material by non-approved, unlicensed and untrained personnel, or by any non-approved application method. S610-2.02 Topsoil Material Topsoil material is to be in accordance with requirements of Section S613 Topsoil. S610-2.03 Soil Amendments Soil amendments that are to be used for adjustment of soil chemistry are to be standard commercial type including but not limited to ground limestone, gypsum, products containing phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, et cetera. S610-2.04 Limestone Limestone is to be standard, pulverized commercial type having minimum total neutralizing value of 88 percent calcium carbonate equivalence, which is to be applied at rate sufficient to bring pH of topsoil material to range of 6.0 to 7.5, as determined by testing lab. S610-2.05 Grass Seed Mixture Grass seed is to be fresh, clean or new crop seed. Grass seed mixture is not to contain more than 0.10 percent poa annua, is to be free of bent grass and noxious weed seed, and is to be composed of varieties listed in Grass Seed Mixture table, or approved equivalent. Grass seed mixture is to be composed to specified species proportions by weight, and tested to minimum percentages of purity and germination. Equivalent grass seed varieties proposed for use are to be branded grass seed varieties that have been tested by an independent or New York State certified testing organization, and have shown average or better performance under low maintenance conditions in northeastern region of United States. Generic or non-branded grass seed varieties are not to be used. Fine fescues should be combination of rhizomatous creeping red fescue and some chewings fine fescue varieties. SS-1 Grass Seed Mixture Species Maximum Percent of Mix Varieties by Weight creeping red fescue varieties: dawson, flyer, jasper, seabreeze, shademaster II Fine Fescue 35% (rhizomatous chewings fine fescue variety may be used in combination with creeping red fescue variety, but is not to exceed 1/2 of fine fescue blend) Kentucky 30% baron, baronie, bartitia, caliber, canterbury, Bluegrass dragon, eagleton, kenblue, northstar, rambo Perennial 20% blazer III, brightstar II, line drive, monterey, Ryegrass palmer III, panther, secretariat, SR4200, top hat fults, SL-633 Alkali Grass 15% (variety of above species that performs similarly in alkali soil turf grass tests may be substituted) S610-2.06 Turf Fertilizer Apply any fertilizer necessary to produce an acceptable uniform viable turf. S610-2.07 Turf Mulch and Mulch Tackifier Turf mulch is to be wood fiber hydromulch with mulch tackifier. Straw mulch is to be clean oat or wheat straw well seasoned before baling, free from mature seed bearing stalks, foreign matter or roots of prohibited or noxious weeds. Mulch tackifier is to be vegetable-based, PAM- based, or other non-asphaltic tackifier suitable for an urban street environment. Hay mulch, plastic mulch, and mulches derived from or contaminated by insulation manufacture, are not to be used. S610-2.08 Weed Killer Weed killer is to be registered weed control product that complies with applicable Federal, State, and local laws and regulations. S610-2.09 Shredded Bark Mulch Shredded bark mulch is to be maximum 1/2 to 1 inch in size, partially decomposed, free of disease and debris, with no green leaf matter or sprouts. S610-2.10 Pea Stone Pea stone is to be washed, well graded, free from organic or other deleterious materials and is to meet following gradation requirements: Screen Size Percent Passing by Weight 1/2 inch 100% 1/4 inch 85 to 100% 1/8 inch 0 to 15% Material will be accepted on basis of Magnesium Sulfate Soundness Loss after 4 cycles of 20 percent or less. SS-2 Not more than 30 percent, by weight, of particles retained on 1/2 inch sieve is to consist of flat or elongated particles. Flat or elongated particle is defined as one which has its greatest dimension more than 3 times its least dimension. Acceptance for this requirement will normally be based on visual inspection by Project Manager. When City elects to test for this requirement, material with percentage of flat or elongated particles that exceeds maximum 30 percent will be rejected. All material is to meet specified gradation requirements prior to placement. All processing of material is to be completed at originating source. Materials are to be stockpiled. Stockpile construction requirements, sampling, testing and acceptance or rejection procedures will be as stipulated in appropriate NYSDOT departmental publication. S610-2.11 Water Water is to have pH of between 6.0 and 8.0, and is to be free of oil and any other substance that may be harmful to plant growth. S610-3 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS S610-301 General Minimum of 14 days prior to commencing work, written schedule of planned operations for seeding/reseeding of lawn areas, application of fertilizers and weed killers is to submitted to Project Manager for approval. Such written schedule is also to include specific methods and materials to be used. At least 5 days prior to application, written notice is to be provided to Project Manager and residents of intent to apply grass seed, turf mulch and mulch tackifier, fertilizers and/or weed killers. Written notice to residents is to be in format as approved of by Project Manager. Do not apply weed killer at locations where resident objects to such application of weed killer. Existing surface areas are to be free of all undesirable material which is larger than 1 inch in its greatest dimension. Such undesirable materials are, but not limited to: refuse; paving materials such as concrete, asphalt, brick; materials which are toxic to plant growth and grass seed; subsoil; woody vegetation, stumps, roots, brush; clods, hard lumps, and rocks. Sod and herbaceous growth such as grass and weeds need not be removed from existing soil, but are to be thoroughly broken up and mixed into overall soil material. All embedded foreign objects are to be removed and resultant hole filled-in with topsoil material. Contractor is to remove and dispose of any undesirable materials prior to treating surface area. Existing surface is to be regraded as necessary to be uniform in contour and to meet required grades and cross- slopes without any irregularities. Finished grades and cross-slopes are to be uniformly sloping between tops of adjacent features such as sidewalks, driveways, curbs, or other existing lawn areas. Final surface contour is to be checked for accordance to required grades and cross-slopes by use of surveying instruments or other method as approved by Project Manager. Eliminate irregularities which form low areas and may tend to pond water when regrading, or by filling-in low area with either topsoil or embankment in place material. Excavation and disposal is to be in accordance with NYSDOT Section 203 Excavation and Embankment. Properly dispose of all excavated material off site within 24 hours. Stockpiling of excavated material at project site is not allowed. Buildings, paved areas, plantings and other non-seeded areas are to be protected from any excessive over- spray of any of materials that are being applied. S610-3.02 Tree Protection Existing trees and tree roots within project limits are to be protected from damage by construction activities. Construction or excavated materials are not to be placed or stockpiled within limits of canopy of any existing tree, to prevent smothering of existing tree root system. Vehicles and other construction equipment are not to be parked on any tree root system, nor left running (idling) under limits of canopy of any existing tree. SS-3 Where cutting of existing tree roots is necessary, it is to be done with sharp cutting tools. Exposed tree roots are to be re-buried as soon as possible. Until exposed tree roots can be re-buried, exposed tree roots are to be covered with wet burlap. Burlap is to be kept wet until exposed tree roots can be re-buried. Existing trees that are damaged by construction activities are to be repaired within 72 hours using current arboricultural standards. Those existing trees that are determined by City Forester to be damaged beyond repair, are to be removed and replaced by Contractor. Topsoil that is placed around an existing tree is not to be placed any higher than 3 inches of original surface area at base of existing tree. S610-3.03 Soil Amendments Soil amendments are to be applied at rate sufficient to bring chemistry of existing soil to an pH acceptable range as determined by testing lab. Soil amendments are to be applied in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions for safe and effective application. S610-3.04 Topsoil and Compaction Topsoil material is to be placed and compacted in accordance with Section S613 Topsoil. S610-3.05 Surface Preparation for Turf Establishment Finished surface is to be flush with, or not greater than 1/4 inch above finished surface of adjacent surfaces. Prior to seeding, existing surface is to be prepared per Subsection S610-3.01 General. Finished surface is to be uniform and smooth, and in accordance with required grades and cross-slopes. Finished surface is not to have any irregularities greater than 1 inch as measured from 10 foot long straight edge laid on finished surface. In built-up and residential areas, this may require that existing surface be regraded and hand raked. Topsoil material is to be used to adjust existing surface to required degree of smoothness and uniformity. Finished surface is to be maintained to required grades and cross-slopes, placing any additional topsoil material that may be necessary to correct any irregularities that may have developed. If additional topsoil material is required, surface is to be properly prepared to ensure cohesiveness between materials. Tops and bottoms of all slopes are to be rounded to blend into each other and into existing adjacent surface areas so as not to leave any noticeable sharp breaks. Cuts and fills are to have maximum slope of 3 feet horizontally to 1 foot vertically. Surface preparation work is to in accordance with Method 1, unless Method 2 has been specifically required in Contract Documents. Regardless of which method is used, finished surface of any area that is to be seeded is not to be rougher, or more uneven, than any adjacent existing lawn areas. A. Method 1 Surface area to be seeded is to be scarified to depth of 1/2 inch to break-up surface crust immediately before seeding. undesirable materials are to be removed and properly disposed of off-site. B. Method 2 Surface area to be seeded is to be harrowed, disced, or otherwise completely pulverized to state of tillage acceptable to Project Manager. Undesirable materials are to be removed and properly disposed of off-site. SS-4 S610-3.06 Turf Establishment A. General Utilize all measures as may be necessary to produce finished product that provides continuous blanket of turf, that demonstrates relatively uniform height that is free of undesirable grasses, weeds, molds, mosses, algae, lichens, disease, and other undesirable characteristics. Within 2 days of having applied grass seed, Contractor is to provide written notice to residents on proper procedure for protecting and caring for seeded areas. Written notice to is to be in format as approved of by Project Manager. Areas disturbed by construction activities that are not to be paved or otherwise landscaped, are to be fine graded and seeded. B. Hydroseeding (Two Step Method) Use hydromulcher (sprayer) and apply materials in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations. Apply materials at rate of application sufficient to meet required performance criteria, but not less than following:  Grass seed - rate recommended by manufacturer  Wood fiber mulch - 1,500 pounds per acre  Mulch tackifier - rate recommended by manufacturer C. Dry Seeding Perform grass seeding operations when soil, wind, and other conditions are appropriate, at rate of application sufficient to meet required performance criteria, but not less than rate recommended by grass seed vendor. D. Straw Mulch Straw mulch may be used in lieu of hydromulch and only if approved for use by Project Manager. Straw mulch is to be placed uniformly in continuous blanket on seeded areas within 24 hours of having placed seed, and anchored with liquid tackifier. Apply materials at rate of application sufficient to meet required performance criteria, but not less than following:  Straw mulch - 2-1/2 tons per acre, or two 50 pound bales per 1,000 square feet of area  Liquid tackifier - rate recommended by manufacturer S610-3.07 Weed Killer Apply an approved weed killer as necessary to help produce relatively weed free turf. Weed killer may be used only after having received written approval from Project Manager. Weed killer is to be applied according to manufacturer’s safety and application recommendations, and in compliance with all applicable Federal, State and local ordinances, laws and regulations for public notice and methods of application. S610-3.08 Turf Maintenance Maintain all seeded areas until they have obtained continuous blanket of turf that is of relatively uniform height that is free of undesirable grasses, weeds, molds, mosses, algae, lichens, disease, and other undesirable characteristics, and has been accepted by City. SS-5 Maintenance will include but is not limited to: soil amendment; fertilizing; watering; de-weeding; mowing; applications of herbicides, fungicides, insecticides; regrading and reapplication of topsoil; and reseeding. Areas of topsoil or seeded areas that become washed out, eroded, rutted, damaged, settled below required grades, or achieve unsatisfactory germination, are to be repaired. Water is to be applied to adequately maintain surface soil moisture for proper seed germination. After seed has germinated, continue to regularly water seeded area until initial growth of turf has been accepted by City. Until initial growth of turf has been accepted by City, turf areas are to be mowed as frequently as necessary to maintain maximum turf height of 4 inches and to minimize weed growth. No more than 1/3 of height of grass blade is to be mowed off during any one mowing operation. After reasonable period of time has elapsed, if Project Manager determines that any seeded area has failed to have satisfactorily produced thriving turf due to seeding operations and/or lack of proper maintenance, Contractor is to repeat all of work required by this specification to repair such failed area until satisfactory growth of turf has been established. Acceptance of established turf by City will be based on turf having achieved performance standards in accordance with Subsection S610-3.09 Performance Acceptance Measures. S610-3.09 Performance Acceptance Measures Only turf that demonstrates that it has achieved required growth and quality characteristics as outlined in this specification to satisfaction of Project manager, will be accepted by City. Factors for assessing turf will include, but not be limited to: topsoil pH; uniformity of turf color, texture, height and density of growth; overall coverage of areas designated for seeding; absence of undesirable grasses, weeds, molds, mosses, algae, lichens, disease, and other undesirable characteristics; and uniformity of slope and overall drainage of surface. S610-3.10 Shredded Bark Mulch/Pea Stone If required, weed fabric barrier is to be placed over area to be treated before shredded bark mulch/pea stone is placed. Shredded bark mulch/pea stone is to be uniformly spread to required thickness and lightly compacted. Shredded bark mulched/pea stone area is to be cared for until final acceptance of project. Such care is to consist of providing protection against pedestrian traffic by installing approved warning signs and barricades. Treated areas damaged by erosion, wind, fire or other causes are to be repaired as soon as possible to reestablish condition and grade of area prior to placing shredded bark mulch/pea stone, then retreated with new shredded bark mulch/pea stone. S610-3.11 Site Preparation Site is to shaped and graded to final lines and grades as required in Contract Documents, and as required by Project Manager. Clean topsoil material stripped during shaping and grading operation is to be stockpiled on- site. Each stockpile is to contain at least 200 cubic yards of topsoil material, is to be at least 4 feet high, and is to be trimmed, shaped and maintained to uniform surfaces and slopes. Straw bales are to be placed around entire bottom of stockpile and staked to ground for control erosion. Stockpile is to be either thoroughly covered with weatherproof material, or seeded. Until stockpile has been adequately covered, periodically water down stockpile to minimize dust erosion. Weatherproof material used to cover stockpile is to be staked, tied, or otherwise weighted down. Weatherproof material is to be maintained as necessary by reaffixing any areas that become loose, replacing any areas where weatherproof material becomes torn, damaged or otherwise missing. Stockpile that is to be seeded, is to be seeded and maintained in accordance with Subsection S610-3.10 Construction Details. After all other phases of work are completed, all ground areas that are to be seeded are to be prepared in accordance with Subsection S610-3.10 Construction Details. If there is an insufficient amount of stockpiled topsoil material available on-site, supply and spread new topsoil material in accordance with Section S613 Topsoil. Any excess stockpiled topsoil material is to removed. SS-6 S610-3.12 Water Water may be brought to project site and applied via water truck, or may be applied through use of any existing hydrant. Before being allowed to use water from existing hydrants, obtain necessary permit(s), and install backflow prevention device and approved water meter. Water is to be applied in such manner that required volume of water being applied does not damage, cause any erosion or otherwise disrupt any existing vegetation, mulch, plant saucers, sod, or areas of stockpiled topsoil material. S610-3.13 Clean-up and Repair Within 72 hours of having completed any of miscellaneous landscape operations, or of having received written notification of any damage, clean and/or repair all adjacent surfaces to treated areas that have become messed- up or otherwise damaged by Contractor’s ongoing operations. This includes but is not limited to removing all over-spray or scattered materials. S610-4 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT S610-4.01 Turf Establishment, Limestone Quantity to be measured for payment will be number of square feet of surface area treated. S610-4.02 Shredded Bark Mulch and Pea Stone Quantity to be measured for payment will be number of cubic yards of material placed. S610-4.03 Development Site Preparation Quantity to be measured for payment will be on lump sum basis for each site. S610-4.04 Water Quantity to be measured for payment will be measured in thousand (1,000) gallon units of water applied, as determined by use of water meters, or by meters attached to water tanks/trucks. S610-5 BASIS OF PAYMENT S610-5.01 Hydroseeding and Seeding Unit price bid includes cost of: notifications; surface preparation; removal and disposal of undesirable materials; grading; furnishing and applying soil amendments, seed, hydromulch, straw mulch, mulch tackifier, fertilizer, weed killer; watering; testing; permits, hydrant water meter, backflow prevention; mowing; site maintenance and protection; repair of treated areas until acceptance of resulting turf; and furnishing all labor, material, and equipment necessary to complete work. No payment will be made under this work until an acceptable turf area has been satisfactorily produced throughout total project area, or in case of multi-street project, along an individual street segment. Acceptance of turf will be based upon having achieved performance criteria as specified in Subsection S610-3.09 Performance Acceptance Measures. S610-5.02 Shredded Bark Mulch and Pea Stone Unit price bid includes cost of: surface preparation; removal and disposal of undesirable materials; grading; weed barrier fabric; furnishing and placing shredded bark mulch/pea stone; watering; protection; and furnishing all labor, material and equipment necessary to complete work. SS-7 S610-5.03 Site Preparation Lump sum price bid includes cost of: shaping and grading development site; stockpiling stripped topsoil material; trimming, shaping and maintaining stockpiles; furnishing, placing and maintaining weatherproof material/hydroseed; furnishing, placing, staking and maintaining straw bales; watering; finish grading, compacting and maintaining ground areas; eliminating irregular areas; filling in low spots; removal and disposal of undesirable materials; and furnishing all labor, material and equipment necessary to complete work. Additional topsoil material supplied will be paid for under separate bid item. S610-5.04 Limestone Unit price bid includes cost of: furnishing and applying limestone; and furnishing all labor, material and equipment necessary to complete work. S610-5.05 Water Unit price bid includes cost of: furnishing and applying water; and furnishing all labor, material and equipment necessary to complete work. Payment will be made under: Note: XX in bid item number represents each individual development site. i.e.: S610.0901 Development Site Preparation (Clarissa Street). ITEM NO. ITEM PAY UNIT S610.0502 Hydroseeding Square Foot S610.0602 Seeding Square Foot S610.07 Shredded Bark Mulch Cubic Yard S610.08 Pea Stone Cubic Yard S610.09XX Site Preparation (Site) Lump Sum S610.10 Limestone Square Foot S610.11 Water 1000 Gallons REVISED December 1, 2015 SS-8 EPA 537 (PFAS) Field Sampling Guidelines PLEASE READ INSTRUCTIONS ENTIRELY PRIOR TO SAMPLING EVENT Sampling for PFAS via EPA 537 can be challenging due to the prevalence of these compounds in consumer products. The following guidelines are strongly recommended when conducting sampling. Reference-NHDES https://www.des.nh.gov/organization/divisions/waste/hwrb/documents/pfc-stakeholder-notification-20161122.pdf FIELD CLOTHING and PPE FOOD CONSIDERATIONS • No clothing or boots containing Gore-Tex® No food or drink on-site with exception of bottled water • All safety boots made from polyurethane and PVC and/or hydration drinks (i.e., Gatorade and Powerade) • No materials containing Tyvek® that is available for consumption only in the staging area • Do not use fabric softener on clothing to be worn in field • Do not used cosmetics, moisturizers, hand cream, or other related OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS products the morning of sampling • Do not use unauthorized sunscreen or insect repellant Sample for PFAS first! Other containers for other methods (see reference above for acceptable products) may have PFAS present on their sampling containers SAMPLE CONTAINERS FIELD EQUIPMENT • All sample containers made of HDPE or polypropylene • Caps are unlined and made of HDPE or polypropylene (no Teflon® • Must not contain Teflon® (aka PTFE) or LDPE materials -lined caps) • All sampling materials must be made from stainless steel, HDPE, acetate, silicon, or polypropylene • No waterproof field books can be used WET WEATHER (AS APPLICABLE) • No plastic clipboards, binders, or spiral hard cover notebooks can be used Wet weather gear made of polyurethane and PVC only • No adhesives (i.e. Post-It® Notes) can be used • Sharpies and permanent markers not allowed; regular ball point pens are acceptable EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION • Aluminum foil must not be used • “PFAS-free” water on-site for decontamination of sample • Keep PFC samples in separate cooler, away from equipment. No other water sources to be used sampling containers that may contain PFAS • Only Alconox and Liquinox can be used as decontamination • Coolers filled with regular ice only - Do not use materials chemical (blue) ice packs Copyright 2017 Alpha Analytical, Inc. | 800-624-9220 | www.alphalab.com EPA 537 (PFAS) Field Sampling Guidelines PLEASE READ INSTRUCTIONS ENTIRELY PRIOR TO SAMPLING EVENT *Sampler must wash hands before wearing nitrile gloves in order to limit contamination during sampling. Each sample set* requires a set of containers to comply with the method as indicated below. *Sample set is composed of samples collected from the same sample site and at the same time. Container Count Container Type Preservative 3 Sampling Containers - Empty 250 mL container Pre preserved with 1.25 g Trizma 1 Reagent Water for Field Blank use 250 mL container Pre preserved with 1.25 g Trizma P1 Field Blank (FRB) - Empty 250 mL container Unpreserved ***Sampling container must be filled to the neck. For instructional purposes a black line has been drawn to illustrate the required fill level for each of the 3 Sample containers*** Field blanks are recommended and the containers have been provided, please follow the instructions below. Field Blank Instructions: 1. Locate the Reagent Water container from the bottle order. The Reagent Water container will be pre-filled with PFAS-free water and is preserved with Trizma. 2. Locate the empty container labeled “Field Blank”. 3. Open both containers and proceed to transfer contents of the “Reagent Water” container into the “Field Blank” container. 4. If field blanks are to be analyzed, they need to be noted on COC, and will be billed accordingly as a sample. Both the empty Reagent Water container and the filled Field Blank container must be returned to the lab along with the samples taken. Sampling Instructions: 1. Each sampling event requires 3 containers to be filled to the neck of the provided containers for each sampling location. 2. Before sampling, remove faucet aerator, run water for 5 min, slow water to flow of pencil to avoid splashing and fill sample containers to neck of container (as previously illustrated) and invert 5 times. 3. Do not overfill or rinse the container. 4. Close containers securely. Place containers in sealed ZipLoc® bags, and in a separate cooler (no other container types). 5. Ensure Chain-of-Custody and all labels on containers contain required information. Place sample, Field Blank and empty Reagent Blank containers in ice filled cooler (do not use blue ice) and return to the laboratory. Samples should be kept at 4°C ±2. Samples must not exceed 10°C during first 48 hours after collection. Hold time is 14 days. Please contact your Alpha Analytical project manager with additional questions or concerns. Copyright 2017 Alpha Analytical, Inc. | 800-624-9220 | www.alphalab.com