WANNATE PM-2010

Hazard statements (CLP)

H315, H317, H319, H332, H334, H335, H351, H373

Code

Statements

H315

Causes skin irritation

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

SUMMARY OF HAZARD IN AN EMERGENCY SITUATION Liquid.Combustible. Harmful by inhalation. Irritating to eyes. Irritating to respiratory system. Irritating to skin. May cause SENSITISATION by inhalation. May cause SENSITISATION by skin contact. Danger of cumulative effects. Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect. Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Eye Irritation Category 2A, Respiratory Sensitizer Category 1, Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure Category 2, Acute Toxicity [1] (Inhalation) Category 4, Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation), Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 2, Skin Sensitizer Category 1, Carcinogenicity Category 2 1. Classified by Chemwatch; 2. China Classification Information Sheet of Hazardous Chemicals (Draft); 3. Classification drawn from Regulation Legend: (EU) No 1272/2008 - Annex VI

Signal word

DANGER

Hazard statements

H319 Causes serious eye irritation. H334 May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled. H373 May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. (Respiratory system) (Dermal) H332 Harmful if inhaled. H335 May cause respiratory irritation. H315 Causes skin irritation. H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction. H351 Suspected of causing cancer.

Prevention

P201 Obtain special instructions before use. P260 Do not breathe mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P284 [In case of inadequate ventilation] wear respiratory protection. P261 Avoid breathing mist/vapours/spray. P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P264 Wash all exposed external body areas thoroughly after handling. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.

Response

P308+P313 IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/ attention. P321 Specific treatment (see advice on this label). P342+P311 If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/physician/first aider. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/physician/first aider/if you feel unwell. P314 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P333+P313 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P332+P313 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.

Storage

P405 Store locked up. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.

Disposal

P501 Dispose of contents/container to authorised hazardous or special waste collection point in accordance with any local regulation.

Other physicochemical hazards

Liquid.Combustible. Vapours/gas heavier than air. Toxic smoke/fumes in a fire. Reacts with water.

Health hazards

Evidence shows, or practical experience predicts, that the material produces irritation of the respiratory system, in a substantial number of individuals, following inhalation. In contrast to most organs, the lung is able to respond to a chemical insult by first removing or neutralising the irritant and then repairing the damage. The repair process, which initially evolved to protect mammalian lungs from foreign matter and antigens, may however, produce further lung damage resulting in the impairment of gas exchange, the primary function of the lungs. Respiratory tract irritation often results in an inflammatory response involving the recruitment and activation of many cell types, mainly derived from the vascular system. The material has NOT been classified by EC Directives or other classification systems as 'harmful by inhalation'. This is because of the lack of corroborating animal or human evidence. In the absence of such evidence, care should be taken nevertheless to ensure exposure is kept to a Inhaled minimum and that suitable control measures be used, in an occupational setting to control vapours, fumes and aerosols. The vapour/mist may be highly irritating to the upper respiratory tract and lungs; the response may be severe enough to produce bronchitis and pulmonary oedema. Possible neurological symptoms arising from isocyanate exposure include headache, insomnia, euphoria, ataxia, anxiety neurosis, depression and paranoia. Gastrointestinal disturbances are characterised by nausea and vomiting. Pulmonary sensitisation may produce asthmatic reactions ranging from minor breathing difficulties to severe allergic attacks; this may occur following a single acute exposure or may develop without warning for several hours after exposure. Sensitized people can react to very low doses, and should not be allowed to work in situations allowing exposure to this material. Continued exposure of sensitised persons may lead to possible long term respiratory impairment. Continued... Inhalation hazard is increased at higher temperatures. The material has NOT been classified by EC Directives or other classification systems as 'harmful by ingestion'. This is because of the lack of corroborating animal or human evidence. The material may still be damaging to the health of the individual, following ingestion, especially where Ingestion pre-existing organ (e.g liver, kidney) damage is evident. Present definitions of harmful or toxic substances are generally based on doses producing mortality rather than those producing morbidity (disease, ill-health). Gastrointestinal tract discomfort may produce nausea and vomiting. In an occupational setting however, ingestion of insignificant quantities is not thought to be cause for concern. Evidence exists, or practical experience predicts, that the material either produces inflammation of the skin in a substantial number of individuals following direct contact, and/or produces significant inflammation when applied to the healthy intact skin of animals, for up to four hours, such inflammation being present twenty-four hours or more after the end of the exposure period. Skin irritation may also be present after prolonged or repeated exposure; this may result in a form of contact dermatitis (nonallergic). The dermatitis is often characterised by skin redness (erythema) and swelling (oedema) which may progress to blistering (vesiculation), scaling and thickening of the epidermis. At the microscopic level there Skin Contact may be intercellular oedema of the spongy layer of the skin (spongiosis) and intracellular oedema of the epidermis. The material may accentuate any pre-existing dermatitis condition Skin contact is not thought to have harmful health effects (as classified under EC Directives); the material may still produce health damage following entry through wounds, lesions or abrasions. Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material Entry into the blood-stream through, for example, cuts, abrasions, puncture wounds or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected. Evidence exists, or practical experience predicts, that the material may cause eye irritation in a substantial number of individuals and/or may produce significant ocular lesions which are present twenty-four hours or more after instillation into the eye(s) of experimental animals. Repeated Eye or prolonged eye contact may cause inflammation characterised by a temporary redness (similar to windburn) of the conjunctiva (conjunctivitis); temporary impairment of vision and/or other transient eye damage/ulceration may occur. On the basis, primarily, of animal experiments, concern has been expressed that the material may produce carcinogenic or mutagenic effects; in respect of the available information, however, there presently exists inadequate data for making a satisfactory assessment. Repeated or long-term occupational exposure is likely to produce cumulative health effects involving organs or biochemical systems. Long-term exposure to respiratory irritants may result in disease of the airways involving difficult breathing and related systemic problems. Practical evidence shows that inhalation of the material is capable of inducing a sensitisation reaction in a substantial number of individuals at a greater frequency than would be expected from the response of a normal population. Pulmonary sensitisation, resulting in hyperactive airway dysfunction and pulmonary allergy may be accompanied by fatigue, malaise and aching. Significant symptoms of exposure may persist for extended periods, even after exposure ceases. Symptoms can be activated by a variety of nonspecific environmental stimuli such as automobile exhaust, perfumes and passive smoking. Practical experience shows that skin contact with the material is capable either of inducing a sensitisation reaction in a substantial number of individuals, and/or of producing a positive response in experimental animals. Persons with a history of asthma or other respiratory problems or are known to be sensitised, should not be engaged in any work involving the handling of isocyanates. The chemistry of reaction of isocyanates, as evidenced by MDI, in biological milieu is such that in the event of a true exposure of small MDI doses to the mouth, reactions will commence at once with biological macromolecules in the buccal region and will continue along the digestive tract prior to reaching the stomach. Reaction products will be a variety of polyureas and macromolecular conjugates with for example mucus, proteins and cell components. This is corroborated by the results from an MDI inhalation study. Following an inhalation exposure of rats to radiolabelled MDI, 79% of the dose was excreted in faeces. The faecal excretion in these animals was considered entirely due to ingestion of radioactivity from grooming and ingestion of deposited material from the nasopharangeal region via the mucociliary escalator, i.e. not following systemic absorption. The faecal radioactivity was tentatively identified as mixed molecular weight polyureas derived from MDI. Diamine was not present. Thus, for MDI and diisocyanates in general the oral gavage dosing route is inappropriate for toxicological studies and risk assessment. It is expected that oral gavage dosing will result in a similar outcome to that produced by TDI or MDI, that is (1) reaction with stomach contents and (2) polymerization to solid polyureas. Reaction with stomach contents is very plausibly described in case reports of accidental ingestion of polymeric MDI based glue in domestic Chronic animals. Extensive polymerization and CO2 liberation resulting in an expansion of the gastric content is described in the stomach, without apparent acute chemical toxicity Polyurea formation in organic and aqueous phases has been described. In this generally accepted chemistry of hydrolysis of an isocyanate the initially produced carbamate decarboxylates to an amine which. The amine, as a reactive intermediate, then reacts very readily with the present isocyanate to produce a solid and inert polyurea. This urea formation acts as a pH buffer in the stomach, thus promoting transformation of the diisocyanate into polyurea, even under the acidic conditions. At the resorbtive tissues in the small intestine, these high molecular reaction products are likely to be of very low bioavailability, which is substantiated by the absence of systemic toxicity in acute oral bioassays with rats at the OECD limit dose (LC50>2 g/kg bw). The respiratory tract may be regarded as the main entry for systemically available isocyanates as evidenced following MDI.exposures. A detailed summary on urinary, plasma and in vitro metabolite studies is provided below. Taken together, all available studies provide convincing evidence that MDI-protein adduct and MDI-metabolite formation proceeds: via formation of a labile isocyanate glutathione (GSH)-adduct, then transfer to a more stable adduct with larger proteins, and without formation of free MDA. MDA reported as a metabolite is actually formed by analytical workup procedures (strong acid or base hydrolysis) and is not an identified metabolite in urine or blood Isocyanate vapours/mists are irritating to the upper respiratory tract and lungs; the response may be severe enough to produce bronchitis with wheezing, gasping and severe distress, even sudden loss of consciousness, and pulmonary oedema. Possible neurological symptoms arising from isocyanate exposure include headache, insomnia, euphoria, ataxia, anxiety neurosis, depression and paranoia. Gastrointestinal disturbances are characterised by nausea and vomiting. Pulmonary sensitisation may produce asthmatic reactions ranging from minor breathing difficulties to severe allergic attacks; this may occur following a single acute exposure or may develop without warning after a period of tolerance. A respiratory response may occur following minor skin contact. Skin sensitisation is possible and may result in allergic dermatitis responses including rash, itching, hives and swelling of extremities. Isocyanate-containing vapours/ mists may cause inflammation of eyes and nasal passages. Onset of symptoms may be immediate or delayed for several hours after exposure. Sensitised people can react to very low levels of airborne isocyanates. Unprotected or sensitised persons should not be allowed to work in situations allowing exposure to this material.

Environmental hazards

See Section 12