TERBUFOS 15 GR

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

muscle tenderness. Some organophosphates may cause a delayed neuropathy beginning 1-4 weeks after an acute Toxicity class: WHO Ia; EPA I exposure which may or may not have caused acute Terbufos products are labelled with a TOXIC signal word, cholinergic effects. Numbness, tingling, weakness and and are extremely toxic by ingestion, skin absorption and cramping beginning symmetrically in the lower limbs may inhalation. progress to ataxia and paralysis. In severe cases, upper Target effect: cholinesterase inhibition. limb involvement is possible and flaccid paralysis may At increased risk from exposure: persons with respiratory progress to spastic paralysis with exaggerated reflexes. aliments, recent exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors or Improvement may occur over months to years, but some impaired cholinesterase production, or liver malfunction. residual impairment usually remains. Chronic exposure: Repeated or prolonged exposure may Ingestion: result in the effects of acute exposure including the Organophosphates: Cholinesterase inhibitor delayed neuropathy. Other effects reported in workers Acute exposure: When ingested, the first effects may be repeatedly exposed include impaired memory and nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal cramps and concentration, acute psychosis, severe depressions, diarrhoea. Gastrointestinal absorption may cause irritability, confusion, apathy, emotional lability, social symptoms of cholinesterase inhibition as described in withdrawal, confusion, headache, speech difficulties, acute inhalation. Symptoms may begin within minutes or delayed reaction times, spatial disorientation, nightmares, be delayed for hours. Delayed effects including sleepwalking, and drowsiness or insomnia. An influenza- neuropathy may also occur. like condition with headache, nausea, weakness, anorexia Chronic exposure: Repeated ingestion may cause and malaise has also been reported. effects as described in acute exposure. First aid Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. First aid If person is alert and respiration is not If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration (not depressed, give syrup of IPECAC followed by water (if direct mouth to mouth). Maintain airway and blood vomiting occurs, keep head below hips to prevent pressure and administer oxygen if available. Keep aspiration). If consciousness level declines or vomiting affected person warm and at rest. Treat symptomatically has not occurred in 15 minutes empty stomach by gastric and supportively. Administration of oxygen should be lavage with the aid of cuffed endotracheal tube using performed by qualified personnel. Get medical attention isotonic saline or 5% sodium bicarbonate followed with immediately. activated charcoal. Establish and maintain airway. Treat Skin contact: respiratory difficulty with artificial respiration and oxygen. Organophosphates: Cholinesterase inhibitor Do not give morthine, aminophylline, phenothiazines, Acute exposure: Localized sweating and fasciculation’s reserpine, furosemide, or ethacrynic acid. Treat may occur at the site of contact. If sufficient amounts are symptomatically and supportively. Administration of absorbed, other effects of cholinesterase inhibition as oxygen and lavage must be performed by qualified described in acute inhalation occur. Symptoms may be medical personnel. Get medical attention immediately. delayed 2 to 3 hours, but usually no more than 12 hours. The rate of absorption is increased by the presence of Advice to the physician: dermatitis or high ambient temperatures. Delayed Antidote: neuropathy is also possible. The decision as to whether the severity of poisoning Chronic exposure: Repeated or prolonged exposure requires administration of any antidote and actual dose may cause effects as described in acute exposure. Some required should be made by qualified medical personnel. organophosphates may cause sensitisation. For cholinesterase inhibitors: Establish clear airway and First aid: Remove contaminated clothing immediately. tissue oxygenation by aspiration of secretions, and if Wash contaminated areas with soap and water followed necessary, by assisted pulmonary ventilation with oxygen. by alcohol. Emergency personnel should wear gloves and Improve tissue oxygenation as much as possible before avoid contamination. Treat respiratory difficulty with administering Atropine to minimise the risk of ventricular artificial respiration. Get medical attention immediately. fibrillation. Administer Atropine Sulphate intravenously or Eye contact: intramuscularly if Iv injection is not possible. In moderately Organophosphates: Cholinesterase inhibitor severe poisoning administer Atropine Sulphate; 0.4 to 2.0 Acute exposure: Direct contact may cause pain, mg repeated every 15 minutes until atropinization is hyperemia, lacrimation, twitching of the eyelids, miosis, achieved (tachycardia, flushing, dry mouth, mydriasis). and ciliary muscle spasm with loss of accomodation, Maintain atropinization by repeated doses for 2 to 12 blurred or dimmed vision and browache. Sometimes hours, or longer, depending on the severity of poisoning. mydriasis may occur instead of miosis. With sufficient The appearance of rales in the lung bases, miosis, exposure, other symptoms of cholinesterase inhibition as salivation, nausea, bradycardia, are all indications of described in acute inhalation may occur. inadequate atropinization. Severely poisoned individuals Chronic exposure: Repeated or prolonged exposure may exhibit remarkable tolerance to Atropine; two or more cause effects as described in acute exposure. times the dosages suggested above may be needed. First aid: Irrigate eyes with water or saline solution. It Persons not poisoned or only slightly poisoned, however, symptoms of poisoning occur, treat respiratory difficulty may develop signs of atropine toxicity from such large with artificial respiration and oxygen. Observe patient for dosages: fever, muscle fibrillations, and delirium are the at least 24 to 36 hours. Get medical attention immediately. main signs of atropine toxicity. If these signs appear while Oxygen should be administrated by qualified medical the patient is fully atropinized, atropine administration personnel. should be discontinued, at least temporarily. Observe treated patient closely at least 24 hours to insure that and tools several times with a solution of 85% water, 10% symptoms (possibly pulmonary edema) do not recur as bleach, and 5% isopropyl alcohol. atropinization wears off. In very severe poisonings, Contain and absorb decontamination solution with inert metabolic disposition of toxicant may require several hours absorbents (e.g. granular clay), and place into the same or days during which atropinization must be maintained. disposal container as spilled material. Depending on the Markedly lower levels of urinary metabolites indicate that quantity released to the environment, notifications to atropine dosage can be tapered off. As dosage is regulatory authorities may be required. If spill is to a water reduced, check the lung bases frequently for rales. If rales body, immediately notify applicable authorities are heard or other symptoms return, re-establish downstream, so that contingencies can be taken, if atropinization promptly. Administration of antidote must be necessary. performed by qualified medical personnel. In cases of Personal precautions: severe poisoning by organophosphate pesticides in which Chemical protective clothing usage is advised, i.e. wear respiratory depression, muscle weakness and twitching neoprene gloves, cotton overalls and safety goggles. are severe, give Pralidoxime (Protopam-ayerst, 2-PAM), 1.0 gram intravenously at no more than 0.5 gram per 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE REQUIREMENTS minute. Dosage of pralidoxime may be repeated in 1 to 2 hours, then at 10 to 12 hours intervals if needed. In very Handling: Handle all crop protection chemicals with care severe poisonings, dosage rates may be doubled. and caution. Do not eat, drink, smoke or go to the toilet Treatment with pralidoxime will be most effective if given with pesticide-contaminated hands. Always wash hands within thirty-six hours after poisoning. Antidote should be thoroughly after handling pesticides or waste. administered by qualified medical personnel.

Storage

Do not store near sources of sparks, flame or heat. Store in a dry, cool, well-ventilated warehouse in 5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES well-labelled containers. Not to be stored next to foodstuffs and water supplies. Keep away from children and Fire and explosion hazard: The material does not burn animals. Local regulations should be complied with. or burns with difficulty. Dust-air mixtures are explosive.