Volunteer Herbicide

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW WARNING: - CAUSES EYE IRRITATION - HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED - AVOID BREATHING VAPORS OR SPRAY MIST -

Aspiration hazard

DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING - DO NOT GET IN EYES, ON SKIN OR ON CLOTHING - COMBUSTIBLE - KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN

Potential health effects

Acute Toxicity (Primary Routes of Exposure) Signs and Symptoms of Systemic Effects: Signs of toxicity in test animals exposed to lethal or near-lethal oral doses included lethargy, ataxia, irregular breathing, lacrimation and loose stools. This product contains a solvent mixture. Solvents, when inhaled, can cause nasal and respiratory irritation and central nervous system effects including dizziness, weakness, fatigue, nausea, headache and possibly unconsciousness and even death. Ingestion of solvents can cause gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Aspiration of low viscosity products can cause chemical pneumonitis which can be fatal. Acute exposure to naphthalene by inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact has been associated with hemolytic anemia, damage to the kidneys, cataracts, and, in infants, brain damage. Eye: Based on an evaluation of the ingredients and/or similar products, this product is expected to cause prolonged and/or significant irritation. The degree of injury will depend on the amount and duration of contact and the speed and thoroughness of the first aid treatment. The expected adverse health effects resulting from an exposure may include redness, swelling and pain which could last for an extended period of time. Skin: Based on an evaluation of the ingredients and/or similar products, this product is expected to cause moderate skin irritation. The degree of injury will depend on the amount and duration of contact and the speed and thoroughness of the first aid treatment. The expected adverse health effects resulting from an exposure may include redness and swelling. Based on an evaluation of the ingredients and/or similar products, this product may cause allergic skin reactions. In sensitized individuals even small exposures can trigger allergic reactions. The expected adverse health effects may include itching, redness, swelling and blistering of the skin. Based on an evaluation of the ingredients and/or similar products, this product is expected to be minimally toxic when absorbed through the skin. The degree of injury will depend on the amount of material inhaled and the speed and thoroughness of the first aid treatment. The expected adverse systemic health effects are described above. Ingestion: Based on an evaluation of the ingredients and/or similar products, this product is expected to be slightly toxic when ingested. The degree of injury will depend on the amount of material ingested and the speed and thoroughness of the first aid treatment. The expected adverse systemic health effects are described above. Ingestion of this product may cause gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Because of the low viscosity of this substance, it can directly enter the lungs if it is swallowed (this is called aspiration). This can occur during the act of swallowing or when vomiting the substance. Once in the lungs, the substance is very difficult to remove and can cause injury to the lungs and death. Inhalation: Exposure to high concentrations may result in respiratory irritation. Signs and symptoms may include, but not be limited to, nasal discharge, sore throat, coughing and difficulty in breathing. Based on an evaluation of the ingredients and/or similar products, this product is expected to be minimally toxic when inhaled. The degree of injury will depend on the amount of material inhaled and the speed and thoroughness of the first aid treatment. The expected adverse systemic health effects are described above. Chronic Toxicity (Including Cancer): Increased liver weights and anemia have been observed in animals exposed to Clethodim Technical. Clethodim Technical was not carcinogenic to animals. Prolonged or repeated dermal exposures may cause drying, scaling and even blistering of the skin. Chronic (long-term) exposure of workers and rodents to naphthalene has been reported to cause cataracts and damage to the retina. Lesions in the kidneys and thymus, signs of anemia, and reduced spleen weights have been observed in rats and mice chronically exposed via gavage. Reports have associated repeated and prolonged occupational overexposure to solvents with permanent brain and nervous system damage. Symptoms include fatigue, concentration difficulties, anxiety, depression, rapid mood swings and short-term memory loss. The reports are not clear with regard to the types of solvents that may cause these symptoms, and there is controversy among scientists to whether the condition exists or is caused by this type of product. Since many other diseases cause some or all of these conditions, a doctor should be consulted if any appear. Trimethyl benzene may affect the liver and may cause changes in the blood cells and affect the blood's clotting ability. Trimethyl benzene can irritate the lungs. Repeated exposures may cause bronchitis to develop with cough, phlegm, and/or shortness of breath. Teratology (Birth Defects) Information: Clethodim Technical produced developmental toxicity only at maternally toxic dose levels. It is not expected to present a hazard under normal use conditions. There is limited evidence of fetal and maternal toxicity from exposure to naphthalene. Reproduction Information: No reproductive toxicity was observed in animals exposed to Clethodim Technical. Potentially Aggravated Condition: Individuals with preexisting diseases of the liver, red blood cell and central nervous system may have increased susceptibility to the toxicity of excessive exposures. For complete discussion of the toxicology data from which this evaluation was made, refer to Section 11. For Regulatory Information, refer to Section 15.