Southern Proteins

Hazard statements (CLP)

H303, H333

Code

Statements

H303

May be harmful if swallowed

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

High proportions of amorphous non-crystalline materials (80.2%) with minor and variable amounts of crystalline phases, most commonly mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) and quartz (SiO2), are the main components of the boiler ash. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that mullite, which is typically present in the matrix of ash, is most dominant with a content of 13.8%. This is followed quartz with 3.9% and the clay mineral kaolinite ((Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄)) with 0.8%. The amorphous phase can be subdivided into amorphous aluminium‑silicon and amorphous silicon. The multi-element analyses results reveal a variety of major elements to be present in concentrations >1% but these elements, including silica (Si), aluminium (Al), calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) do not represent major health concerns and are relatively low risk elements. The pH of the material was measured as 9.33 (1:20) indicating that the material is naturally alkaline and, therefore, it is highly unlikely that dissolution of trace metals will occur in significant amounts. Trace metals Metalloids such as arsenic (As), molybdenum (Mo) and boron (B) could be solubilised under alkaline conditions. The following potential hazards are recognised: 1

Physical hazards

The ash material is not explosive, flammable or oxidising and do not release toxic gases when in contact with water or acid. It is, therefore, classified as non-hazardous in terms of physical hazards.

Health hazards

The constituents present in concentrations > 1% include silica (Si), aluminium (Al), iron (Fe) and calcium (Ca) but these constituents do not constitute health risks. Carcinogenic metals, such as As, cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) are all present in quantities ≤ 0.1% The waste materials are, therefore, not considered as hazardous in terms of human health. Target Organs: May cause respiratory irritation upon exposure to high airborne concentrations. May cause eye irritation if material contacts eye.

Hazard statements

May be harmful if swallowed (H303). May be harmful if inhaled (H333).

Precautionary statements

Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face. If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present. Continue rinsing. If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.

Environmental hazards

Ash poses no risk of substandard leachate quality generation unless it were to come into contact with an acidic solution, which is unlikely to occur.