Unleaded Petrol

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

Flammability Toxicity (2) Health Body Contact © Flammability Reactivity Chronic 1 2 3 4 Fire Diamond Min Low Moderate High Extreme ANSI Signal Word Danger! Flammable wowewveve Emergency Overview * % % ve Clear liquid; distinctive odor. Irritating to eyes/skin/respiratory tract. Other Acute Effects: dizziness, drunkenness, unconsciousness. Chronic Effects: dermatitis. Possible cancer hazard. Flammable.

Potential health effects

Target Organs: skin, eye, respiratory system, central nervous system (CNS)

Principle Routes of Exposure

inhalation, ingestion, skin contact Copyright © 2006 by Genium Group, Inc. Any commercial use or reproduction without the publisher’s permission is prohibited. Judgments as to the suitability of information herein for the purchaser’ s purposes are necessarily the purchaser’s responsibility. Although reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of such information, Genium Group, Inc. extends no warranties, makes no representations, and assumes no responsibility as to the accuracy or suitability of such information for application to the purchaser’s intended purpose or for consequences of its use. Acute Effects Inhalation: The vapor is discomforting to the upper respiratory tract and may be harmful if exposure is prolonged. Inhalation hazard is increased at higher temperatures. Acute effects from inhalation of high concentrations of vapor are pulmonary irritation, including coughing, with nausea; central nervous system depression - characterized by headache and dizziness, increased reaction time, fatigue and loss of coordination. If exposure to highly concentrated solvent atmosphere is prolonged this may lead to narcosis, unconsciousness, even coma and possible death. WARNING Intentional misuse by concentrating/inhaling contents may be lethal. High inhaled concentrations of mixed hydrocarbons may produce narcosis characterized by nausea, vomiting and lightheadedness. Inhalation of aerosols may produce severe pulmonary edema, pneumonitis and pulmonary hemorrhage. Inhalation of petroleum hydrocarbons consisting substantially of low molecular weight species may produce irritation of mucous membranes, incoordination, giddiness, nausea, vertigo, confusion, headache, appetite loss, drowziness, tremors and anesthetic stupor. Massive exposures may produce central nervous system depression with sudden collapse and deep coma; fatalities have been recorded. Irritation of the brain and/or apneic anoxia may produce convulsions. Although recovery following overexposure is generally complete, cerebral micro- hemorrhage of focal post-inflammatory scarring may produce eleptiform seizures some months after the exposure. Pulmonary episodes may include chemical pneumonitis with edema and hemorrhage. The lighter hydrocarbons may produce kidney and neurotoxic effects. Liquid paraffins may produce anesthesia and depressant actions leading to weakness, dizziness, slow and shallow respiration, unconsciousness, convulsions and death. C5-7 paraffins may also produce polyneuropathy. Aromatic hydrocarbons accumulate in lipid-rich tissues (typically the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves) and may produce functional impairment manifested by nonspecific symptoms such as nausea, weakness, fatigue, vertigo; severe exposures may produce inebriation or unconsciousness. Many of the petroleum hydrocarbons are cardiac sensitizers and may cause ventricular fibrillations. Eye: The liquid may produce eye discomfort and is capable of causing temporary impairment of vision and/or transient eye inflammation, ulceration. The vapor is discomforting to the eyes. Petroleum hydrocarbons may produce pain after direct contact with the eyes. Slight, but transient, disturbances of the corneal epithelium may also result. The aromatic fraction may produce irritation and lachrymation. The material may produce moderate eye irritation leading to inflammation. Repeated or prolonged exposure to irritants may produce conjunctivitis. Skin: The material is moderately discomforting to the skin if exposure is prolonged. The material contains a component that may be absorbed through the skin and may cause drying of the skin, which may lead to dermatitis from repeated exposures over long periods. Toxic effects may result from skin absorption. Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material. The material may accentuate any pre-existing dermatitis condition. Ingestion: Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments. The liquid may produce gastrointestinal discomfort and may be harmful if swallowed. Ingestion may result in nausea, pain and vomiting. Vomit entering the lungs by aspiration may cause potentially lethal chemical pneumonitis. Ingestion of petroleum hydrocarbons may produce irritation of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach and small intestine with edema and mucosal ulceration. Resulting symptoms include a burning sensation in the mouth and throat. Large amounts may produce narcosis with nausea and vomiting, weakness or dizziness, slow and shallow respiration, swelling of the abdomen, unconsciousness and convulsions. Myocardial injury may produce arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation and electrocardiographic changes. Central nervous system depression may also occur. Light aromatic hydrocarbons produce a warm, sharp, tingling sensation on contact with taste buds and may anesthetize the tongue. Aspiration into the lungs may produce coughing, gagging, and a chemical pneumonitis with pulmonary edema and hemorrhage. Carcinogenicity: NTP - Not listed; IARC - Group 2B, Possibly carcinogenic to humans; OSHA - Not listed; NIOSH - Listed as carcinogen; ACGIH - Class A3, Animal carcinogen; EPA - Not listed; MAK - Not listed.

Potential chronic health

Chronic solvent inhalation exposures may result in nervous system impairment and liver and blood changes. Prolonged or continuous skin contact with the liquid may cause defatting with drying, cracking, irritation and dermatitis following. Chronic poisoning may occur from vapor inhalation or skin absorption. The most significant toxic effect is insidious and irreversible injury to the blood-forming tissue by benzene. Leukemia may develop. Chronic exposure may cause headache, fatigue, loss of appetite and lassitude with incipient blood effects including anemia and blood changes. Gasoline "sniffing" has caused severe nerve damage. Repeated or prolonged exposure to mixed hydrocarbons may produce narcosis with dizziness, weakness, irritability, concentration and/or memory loss, tremor in the fingers and tongue, vertigo, olfactory disorders, constriction of visual field, paresthesias of the extremities, weight loss and anemia and degenerative changes in the liver and kidney. Chronic exposure by petroleum workers to the lighter hydrocarbons has been associated with visual disturbances, damage to the central nervous system, peripheral neuropathies (including numbness and paresthesias), psychological and neurophysiological deficits, bone marrow toxicities (including hypoplasia, possibly due to benzene) and hepatic and renal involvement. Chronic dermal exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons may result in defatting which produces localized dermatoses. Surface cracking and erosion may also increase susceptibility to infection by microorganisms. Copyright © 2006 Genium Group, Inc. Any commercial use or reproduction without the publisher’s permission is prohibited. Page 2 of 5