Acetylene Dichloride

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

Flammability Toxicity (2) Health Body Contact © Flammability Reactivity Chronic 1 2 3 Fire Diamond Min Low Moderate High Extreme ANSI Signal Word Warning! Flammable wowewveve Emergency Overview * % % ve Colorless liquid; pleasant odor. Irritating to eyes/skin/respiratory tract. Other Acute Effects: narcosis, nausea, tremor, weakness, CNS depression, epigastric cramps. Can form explosive mixtures in air. Flammable.

Potential health effects

Target Organs: central nervous system (CNS), eyes, respiratory system

Principle Routes of Exposure

inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, eye contact Acute Effects Inhalation: There is a single report of an industrial poisoning, a fatality caused by the inhalation of a vapor in a small enclosure. Acute intoxication by halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons appears to take place over two stages. Signs of a reversible narcosis are evident in the first stage and in the second stage signs of injury to organs may become evident. A single organ alone is (almost) never involved. Depression of the central nervous system is the most outstanding effect of most halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons. Inebriation and excitation, passing into narcosis, is a typical reaction. In severe acute exposures there is always a danger of death from respiratory failure or cardiac arrest due to a tendency to make the heart more susceptible to catecholamines (adrenalin). Copyright © 2006 by Genium Group, Inc. Any commercial use or reproduction without the publisher’s permission is prohibited. Judgments as to the suitability of information herein for the purchaser’ s purposes are necessarily the purchaser’s responsibility. Although reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of such information, Genium Group, Inc. extends no warranties, makes no representations, and assumes no responsibility as to the accuracy or suitability of such information for application to the purchaser’s intended purpose or for consequences of its use. The most important effects of exposure are narcosis and irritation of the central nervous system. Liver responses may occur after repeated narcotic doses and involves fatty liver degeneration. Vapor exposure may produce central nervous system depression or in milder exposures, nausea, vomiting, weakness, tremor and epigastric cramps. Recovery is usually rapid. In rats, single and repeated inhalation exposures to 200 ppm acetylene dichloride and its isomers lead to temporary inhibition of mixed function oxidase system (MFO), fatty infiltration of the liver and morphological alterations to the lung. The cis isomer which is more readily taken up by liver tissue is a more potent inhibitor of rat MFO whereas at higher concentrations the trans-isomer is twice as strong a CNS depressant (rats and humans). Eye: The vapor when concentrated has pronounced eye irritation; this gives some warning of high vapor concentrations. If eye irritation occurs seek to reduce exposure with available control measures, or evacuate area. Exposure to the trans isomer at 2200 ppm caused burning of the eyes, vertigo, nausea. Reversible corneal clouding has been described in exposures to acetylene dichloride Skin: The liquid may produce skin discomfort following prolonged contact. Defatting and/or drying of the skin may lead to dermatitis. The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may produce a contact dermatitis (nonallergic). This form of dermatitis is often characterized by skin redness (erythema) and swelling (edema) which may progress to vesiculation, scaling and thickening of the epidermis. Histologically there may be intercellular edema of the spongy layer (spongiosis) and intracellular edema of the epidermis. Ingestion: The liquid is discomforting to the gastrointestinal tract and toxic if swallowed. Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments. Carcinogenicity: NTP - Not listed; IARC - Not listed; OSHA - Not listed; NIOSH - Not listed; ACGIH - Not listed; EPA - Not listed; MAK - Not listed.

Potential chronic health

The material may accumulate in the human body and progressively cause tissue damage