Methanol (CO2OH)

Principle Routes of Exposure

Skin Contact Moderate Eye Contact Moderate Injection Major Inhalation Major Effects of Short-Term (Acute) Exposure: Inhalation: Inhalation of high airborne concentrations can also irritate mucous membranes, cause headaches, sleepiness, nausea, confusion, loss of consciousness, digestive and visual disturbances and even death. NOTE: Odor threshold of methanol is several times higher than the TLV-TWA. Depending on severity of poisoning and the promptness of treatment, survivors may recover completely or may have permanent blindness, vision disturbances and/or nervous system effects. Concentrations in air exceeding 100 ppm may cause irritation of the mucous membranes. Skin Contact: Methanol is moderately irritating to the skin. Methanol can be absorbed through the skin and harmful effects have been reported by this route of entry. Effects are similar to those described in “inhalation.” Eye Contact: Methanol is a mild to moderate eye irritant. High Vapor concentration or liquid contact with eyes causes irritation, tearing, and burning. Ingestion: Swallowing even small amounts of methanol could potentially cause blindness or death. Effects of sub lethal doses may be nausea, headache, abdominal pain, vomiting, and visual disturbances ranging from blurred vision to light sensitivity. Effects of Long-Term (Chronic) Exposure: Repeated exposure by inhalation or absorption may cause systemic poisoning, brain disorders, impaired vision, and blindness. Inhalation may worsen conditions such as emphysema or bronchitis. Repeated skin contact may cause dermal irritation, dryness, and cracking.

Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure

Emphysema or bronchitis