Perchloroethylene Industrial

Appearance/Odor

Colorless liquid Irritating odor Boiling Point 250°F (121.10c) Specific Gravity (25/25° C, H20 =1) 1.619 @ 25125C Vapor Pressure (mm Hg @20° C) 13 Vapor Density 5.76 Solubility in Water 0.015g/100g 25C IV. Fire and Explosion Data Flash Point None Method Used TCC, TOC, COC Auto-Ignition Temperature None Available Flammable Limits in Air (% By Volume) Lower None Upper None Other Flammability Information This material does not burn. Container may vent and/or rupture due to fire. Vapors are heavier than air and may travel a long distance and accumulate in low-lying areas. Violent steam generation or eruption may occur upon application of direct water stream. Continued on Next Page « IV. Fire and Explosion Data (Continued) Fire Extinguishing Media This material does not burn. If exposed to fire from another source, use suitable extinguishing agent for that fire. Media to be Avoided Do not use direct water stream. Hazardous Combustion Products Hazardous combustion products may include and are not limited to hydrogen chloride. Hazardous combustion products may include trace amounts of phosgene, chlorine. Fire Fighting Instructions Keep people away. Isolate fire area and deny unnecessary entry. Contain fire run-off if possible. (Fire) water run-off, if not contained may cause environmental damage. Do not use direct water stream. This material does not burn. Fight fire for other material that is burning. Protective Equipment for Fire Wear positive-pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and protective Fighters fire fighting clothing (includes fire fighting helmet, coat, pants, boots, gloves). If protection equipment is not available or not used, fight fire from a protected location or safe distance. For protection equipment in post-fire or non-fire clean up situations, refer to the relevant sections. V. Reactivity Data Stability Stable under recommended storage conditions. Conditions to Avoid Avoid direct sunlight or ultraviolet sources. Avoid open flames, welding arcs, or other high temperature sources that induce thermal decomposition. High-energy sources such as welding arcs can cause degradation generating chlorine, hydrogen chloride and possible phosgene, and should be avoided. Incompatibility with other Avoid contact with metals such as; aluminum powders, magnesium pOWders, Materials potassium, sodium, and zinc powder. Avoid unintended contact with amines. Avoid contact with strong based and strong oxidizers. Avoid prolonged contact with or storage in aluminum or its alloys. Hazardous Decomposition Hazardous decomposition products may include, and are not limited to, hydrogen chloride and trace amounts of chlorine and phosgene. Hazardous Polymerization Will not occur. VI. Health Hazard and Toxicological Data Emergency Overview: Colorless liquid. Irritating odor. Toxic fumes are released in fire situations. Causes skin irritation. Harmful if inhaled. Can cause death if too much is breathed. Clear all personnel from area. Wear full protection equipment. Contain liquid to prevent contamination of soil, surface water or ground water. Chronic Exposure Effects of Exposure Eyes May cause pain. May cause slight transient (temporary) eye irritation. Vapors may irritate the eyes at about 100 ppm perchloroethylene. Skin Short single exposure may cause skin irritation. Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause severe skin irritation, even a burn. Repeated contact may cause drying or flaking of skin. A single prolonged exposure is not likely to result in the material being absorbed through skin in harmful amounts. Did not cause allergic skin reactions when tested in guinea pigs. Ingestion Single dose oral toxicity is considered to be extremely low. Small amounts swallowed incidental to normal handling operations are not likely to cause injury; swallowing amounts larger than that may cause injury. If aspirated (liquid enters the lung), may be rapidly absorbed through the lungs and result in injury to other body systems. Continued on Next Page .. VI. Health Hazard and Toxicological Data (Continued) Inhalation In confined or poorly ventilated areas vapors can readily accumulate and can cause unconsciousness and death. Dizziness may occur at 200 ppm perchloroethylene; progressively higher levels may also cause nasal irritation, nausea, in-coordination, drunkenness; and over 1000 ppm, unconsciousness and death. A single brief (Minutes) inhalation exposure to levels above 6000 ppm perchloroethylene may be immediately fatal. Based on structural analogy and/or equivocal data in animals, excessive exposure may potentially increase sensitivity to epinephrine and increase myocardial irritability (irregular heartbeats). Alcohol consumed before or after exposure may increase adverse effects. Systemic (Other Signs and symptoms of excessive exposure may be central nervous system effects and Target Organ) Effects anesthetic or narcotic effects. Observations in animals include liver and kidney effects.

Cancer information

For hazard communication purposes under OSHA Standard 29 CFR Part 1910.1200, this chemical is listed as a potential carcinogen by IARC and NTP. Perchloroethylene has been shown to increase the incidence of tumors in certain strains of mice and rats. Other long-term inhalation studies in rats failed to show tumorigenic response. Human data are limited and have not established an association between perchloroethylene exposure and cancer. Perchloroethylene is not believed to pose a measurable carcinogenic risk to man when handled as recommended. Teratology (Birth Birth defects are unlikely. Exposures having no effect on the mother should have no effect on Defects) the fetus. Did not cause birth defects in animals; other effects were seen in the fetus only at doses which caused toxic effects to the mother. Reproductive Effects In laboratory animal studies, effects on reproduction have been seen only at doses that produced significant toxicity to the parent animals. In animal studies, has been shown not to interfere with fertility.

TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

For detailed toxicological data, write or call the address or non-emergency number shown in Section 1) SKIN: The LD50 for skin absorption in rabbits is > 10 g/kg. INGESTION: The oral LD50 for rats is > 5000 mg/kg. MUTAGENICITY (Effects on Genetic Material): In vitro mutagenicity studies were negative. Animal mutagenicity studies were negative. VII. First Aid Procedures Protect People Clear all personnel from area. Do not breathe vapors. Ventilate area of leak or spill. Wear protective equipment including positive pressure self contained or air supplied breathing apparatus. Follow confined space entry procedures: ASTM D-4276 and OSHA (29 CFR 1910.146). Inhalation Remove person to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, oxygen should be administered by qualified personnel. Call a physician or transport to a medical facility. Eye Contact Flush eyes with plenty of water. Skin Contact Wash off in flowing water or shower. Ingestion DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Call a physician and/or transport to emergency facility immediately. NOTE TO Because rapid absorption may occur through lungs if aspirated and cause systemic effects, the PHYSICIAN decision of whether to induce vomiting or not should be made by a physician. If lavage is performed, suggest endotracheal and/or esophageal control. Danger from lung aspiration must be weighted against toxicity when considering emptying the stomach. If bum is present, treat as any thermal bum, after decontamination. Exposure may increase "myocardial irritability". Do not administer sympathomimetic drugs unless absolutely necessary. No specific antidote. Supportive c: I care. Treatment based on judgment of the physician in response to reactions of the patient. VIII. Preventive Measures A. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Respiratory Atmospheric levels should be maintained below the exposure guideline. When respiratory Protection protection is required, use an approved air-purifying or positive-pressure supplied-air respirator depending on the potential airborne concentration. For emergency and other conditions where the exposure guideline may be exceeded, use an approved positive-pressure self-contained breathing apparatus or positive-pressure air line with auxiliary self-contained air supply. In confined or poorly ventilated areas, use an approved self-contained breathing apparatus or positive pressure air line with auxiliary self-contained air supply. The following should be effective types of air-purifying respirators: Organic vapor cartridge. Ingestion Avoid ingestion of even very small amounts; do not consume or store food or tobacco in the work area; wash hands and face before smoking or eating. Eye/Face Protection Use safety glasses. If exposure causes eye discomfort, use a full-face respirator. Skin Protection Use protective clothing chemically resistant to this material. Selection of specific items such as face shield, boots, apron, or full body suit will depend on the task. Hand Protection Wear gloves chemically resistant to this material. Examples of preferred glove barrier materials include: Chlorinated polyethylene. Nitrile/butadiene rubber ("nitrile" or "NBR"). Polyethylene. Ethyl vinyl alcohol laminate ("EVAL"). Polyvinyl alcohol ("PVA"). Viton. Examples of acceptable glove barrier materials include: Natural rubber ("latex"). Neoprene. Polyvinyl chloride ("PVC" or "vinyl"). Butyl rubber. NOTICE: The selection of a specific glove for a particular application and duration of use in a workplace should also take into account all relevant workplace factors such as, but not limited to: Other chemicals which may be handled, physical requirements (cut/puncture protection, dexterity, thermal protection), potential body reactions to glove materials, as well as the instructions/specifications provided by the glove supplier. Exposure Limits Ethane, Tetrachloroethelyne List Type Value OEL (QUE) TWA 339mg/m3 50 ppm OEL (QUE) STEL 1,357 mg/m3 200 ppm CADABOEL TWA 170 mg/m3 25 ppm CADABOEL STEL 678 mg/m3 100 ppm CADBC OEL TWA 25 ppm CADBC OEL STEL 100 ppm CAD ON OEL TWA 25 ppm CADONOEL STEL 100 ppm ACGIH TWA 25 ppm BEl ACGIH STEL 100 ppm BEl TWA 25 ppm STEL 100 ppm Consult local authorities for recommended exposure limits. • Continued on Next Page VIII. Preventive Measures - Continued B. STORAGE AND HANDLING

Storage

Conditions Keep containers tightly closed when not in use. For more storage and handling information refer to bulletin #100-06170. Store in a dry place. Do not store in aluminum, zinc, aluminum alloys and plastics. Product should not be packaged in aluminum aerosol cans or with finely divided aluminum or its alloys in an aerosol can. Product is denser than water. Design storage containers appropriately. Handling Procedure To avoid uncontrolled emissions vent vapor from container to storage tank. Do not eat, drink, or smoke in working area. Refer to Exposure Controls/Personal Protection, Exposure Limits, of the MSDS. Containers, even those that have been emptied, can contain vapors. Do not cut, drill, grind, weld, or perform similar operations on or near empty containers. Vapors of this product are heavier than air and will collect in low areas such as pits, degreasers, storage tanks, and other confined areas. Do not enter these areas where vapors of this product are suspected unless special breathing apparatus is used and an observer is present for assistance. C. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Spill and Leak For large spills: contain liquid; transfer to properly labeled closed metal containers. For small Procedure spills: mop or soak up immediately. Place in properly labeled metal containers. Waste Disposal Follow Federal, State and Local governmental regulations. DO NOT flush into sanitary sewer or waterway.

ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Contain liquid to prevent contamination of soil, surface water or ground water. Material is heavier than water and has limited water solubility. It will collect on the lowest surface. (For detailed Ecological data, write or call the address or non-emergency number shown in Section 1). Movement & Bioconcentration potential is low (BCF less than 100 or Log Pow less than 3). Partitioning: Bioconcentration factor (BCF) is 49 in the bluegill. Biocentration factor (BCF) is 38.9 in the trout. Log octanol/water partition coefficient (log Pow) is 3.4. Potential for mobility in soil is medium (Koc between 150 and 500). Log soil organic carbon partition coefficient (log Koc) is estimated to be 2-1-3.2. Henry's Law Constant (H) is 1.49E-02 atm-m3/mo1. Log air/water partition coefficient (log Kaw) is estimated to be -0.30 tp 0.37. Degradation & Biodegradation under aerobic conditions is below detectable limits. Theoretical oxygen Persistence demand (ThaD) is calculated to be 0.19 pip. Biodegradation may occur under anaerobic conditions (in the absence of oxygen). Degradation is expected in the atmospheric environment within days to weeks. Biodegradation rate may increase in soil and/or water with acclimation. Ecotoxicology Material is moderately toxic to aquatic organisms on an acute basis (LC50 between 1 and 10 mg/L in most sensitive species). Acute LC50 for Japanese medaka or rice fish (Oryzias Latipes) is 1.6 mg/L. Acute LC50 for water flea (Daphnia Magna) is 3.2-123 mg/L. Acute LC50 for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) is 4.8-5.8 mg/L. Acute LC50 for sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon Variegatus) is 8.0-52.2 mg/L. Acute LC50 for American flagfish Jordenella Floridae is 8.4 - 24 mg/L. Acute LC50 for bluegill (Lepomis Macrochirus) is 13 mg/L. Acute LC50 for fathead minnow (Pimephales Promelas) is 13.4-23-8 mg/L. Maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) is 3.1 mg/L in American flagfish. Continued on Next Page VIII. Preventive Measures - Continued C. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION (Continued)

Disposal

DO NOT DUMP INTO ANY SEWERS, ON THE GROUND, OR INTO ANY BODY OF Considerations WATER. All disposal methods must be in compliance with all Federal, State/Provincial and Local laws and regulations. Regulations may vary in different locations. Waste characterizations and compliance with applicable laws are the responsibility solely of the waste generator. THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY HAS NO CONTROL OVER THE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OR MANUFACTURING PROCESSES OF PARTIES HANDLING OR USING THIS MATERIAL. THE INFORMATION PRESENTED HERE PERTAINS ONLY TO THE PRODUCT AS SHIPPED IN ITS INTENDED CONDITION AS DESCRIBED IN MSDS SECTION 2 (Composition/Information on Ingredients). For Unused & The preferred options include sending to a licensed, permitted recycler, reclaimer, incinerator Uncontaminated or other thermal destruction device. Product For additional information, refer to Dow Technical Bulletin discussing considerations for this product. Bulk Lit. No. 100-06170. As a service to its customers, Dow can provide names of information resources to help identify waste management companies and other facilities which recycle, reprocess or manage chemicals or plastics, and that manage used drums. Telephone Dow's Customer Information Center at 800·258·2436 or 989-832-1556 for further details. D. TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION Department of For D.O.T. regulatory information, if required, consult transportation regulations, product Transportation shipping papers or contact your Dow representative. (D.O.T.) Canadian TDG For TDG regulatory information, if required, consult transportation regulations, product Information shipping papers or contact your Dow representative. IX. Regulatory Information/Classifications (Not meant to be all-inclusive-selected regulations represented) NOTICE: The information herein is presented in goodfaith and believed to be accurate as ofthe effective date shown above. However, no warranty, express or implied is given. Regulatory requirements are subject to change and may differ from one location to another; it is the buyer's responsibility to ensure that its activities comply with Federal, State or Provincial, and Local laws. The following specific information is made for the purpose ofcomplying with numerous Federal, State or Provincial, and Local laws and regulations. See other sections ofhealth and safety information. SARA 313 This product contains the following substances subject to the reporting requirements of Section INFORMATION 313 of Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 and 40 CFR Chemical Name: Perchloroethylene CAS No.: 000127-18-4 % In Product: 99.9% SARA Hazard This product has been reviewed according to the EPA "Hazard Categories" promulgated under Category Sections 311 and 312 of the Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA Title III) and is considered, under applicable definitions, to meet the following categories: • An immediate health hazard • A delayed health hazard California Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986: Proposition 65 WARNING: This product contains a chemical(s) known to the State of California to cause cancer. Continued on Next Page IX. Regulatory Information/Classifications - Continued The following statement is made in order to comply with the California Safe Drinking: Toxic Substances Control All ingredients are on the TSCA inventory or are not required to be listed on the TSCA Act (TSCA) inventory State Right-to-Know The following product components are cited on certain state lists as mentioned. Non- listed components may be shown in the composition section of the MSDS. Chemical Name CAS Number List Perchloroethylene 00127-18-4 NIl NJ2 NJ3 PAl PA2 PA3 NIl New Jersey special Health Hazard Substance (present at greater than or equal to 0.1 %) NJ2 New Jersey Environmental Hazardous Substance (present at greater than or equal to 1.0%) NJ3 New Jersey Workplace Hazardous Substance (present at greater than or equal to 1.0%) PAl Pennsylvania Hazardous Substance (present at greater than or equal to 1.0%) PA2 Pennsylvania Special Hazardous Substance (present at greater than or equal to 0.01 %) PA3 Pennsylvania Environmental Hazardous Substance (present at greater than or equal to 1.0%) OSHA Hazard This product is a "Hazardous Chemical" as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard Communication Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200 COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE COMPENSATION AND LIABILITY ACT (CERCLA, or SUPEFUND): This product contains the following substance(s) listed as "Hazardous Substances" under CERCLA which may require reporting of releases: Chemical Name I CAS# I RQ I % in Product I Perchloroethylene I 000127-18-4 I 100 I 99.9 I CANADIAN REGULATIONS WHMIS Information The Canadian Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) Classification for this product is: DIB Poisonous substance defined by TDG regulations D2A Possible, probable or known human carcinogen according to classifications by IARC or ACGIH D2B Eye or skin irritant Refer elsewhere in the MSDS for specific warnings and safe handling information. Refer to the employer's workplace education program. CPR Statement This product has been classified in accordance with the hazard criteria of the Canadian Controlled Products Regulations (CPR) and the MSDS contains all the information required by the CPR. Hazardous Products Act This product contains the following ingredients which are Controlled Products and/or Information on the Ingredient Disclosure List (Canadian HPA section 13 and 14): Components CAS# Amount (%w/w) I Tetrachloroethy1ene 000127-18-4 99.9% I X. Other Information Hazard Rating System National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Ratings: Health = 2 Flammability = 0