Saphira Wash WH40

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

RISK SAFETY ■ Flammable. • Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray. ■ Irritating to skin. • Avoid contact with skin. ■ Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long- • Avoid contact with eyes. term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. ■ HARMFUL- May cause lung damage if swallowed. • Wear suitable protective clothing. ■ Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness and • Wear suitable gloves. cracking. ■ Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. • Wear eye/face protection. ■ Inhalation and/or skin contact may produce • Use only in well ventilated areas. health damage*. ■ Ingestion may produce serious health • Keep container in a well ventilated place. damage*. ■ Cumulative effects may result following • Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions exposure*. before use. ■ May produce discomfort of the eyes and • Do not empty into drains. respiratory tract*. ■ Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect*. • To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use water and detergent. ■ May be harmful to the foetus/ embryo*. • Keep container tightly closed. * (limited evidence). • This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. • Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. • Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. • In case of contact with eyes, rinse with plenty of water and contact Doctor or Poisons Information Centre. • If swallowed, IMMEDIATELY contact Doctor or Poisons Information Centre. (show this container or label). • Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination. • Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data sheets. • This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.

Potential Acute Health Effects

SWALLOWED ■ Swallowing of the liquid may cause aspiration of vomit into the lungs with the risk of haemorrhaging, pulmonary oedema, progressing to chemical pneumonitis; serious consequences may result. Signs and symptoms of chemical (aspiration) pneumonitis may include coughing, gasping, choking, burning of the mouth, difficult breathing, and bluish coloured skin (cyanosis). ■ Accidental ingestion of the material may be seriously damaging to the health of the individual; animal experiments indicate that ingestion of less than 40 gram may be fatal. ■ Ingestion of petroleum hydrocarbons may produce irritation of the pharynx, oesophagus, stomach and small intestine with oedema and mucosal ulceration resulting; symptoms include a burning sensation in the mouth and throat. Large amounts may produce narcosis with nausea and vomiting, weakness or dizziness, slow and shallow respiration, swelling of the abdomen, unconsciousness and convulsions. EYE ■ Limited evidence exists, or practical experience suggests, that the material may cause eye irritation in a substantial number of individuals and/or is expected to produce significant ocular lesions which are present twenty-four hours or more after instillation into the eye(s) of experimental animals. Repeated or prolonged eye contact may cause inflammation characterised by temporary redness (similar to windburn) of the conjunctiva (conjunctivitis); temporary impairment of vision and/or other transient eye damage/ulceration may occur. ■ Petroleum hydrocarbons may produce pain after direct contact with the eyes. Slight, but transient disturbances of the corneal epithelium may also result. SKIN ■ Evidence exists, or practical experience predicts, that the material either produces inflammation of the skin in a substantial number of individuals following direct contact, and/or produces significant inflammation when applied to the healthy intact skin of animals, for up to four hours, such inflammation being present twenty-four hours or more after the end of the exposure period. Skin irritation may also be present after prolonged or repeated exposure; this may result in a form of contact dermatitis (nonallergic). ■ The material may accentuate any pre-existing dermatitis condition. ■ Repeated exposure may cause skin cracking, flaking or drying following normal handling and use. ■ Skin contact with the material may damage the health of the individual; systemic effects may result following absorption. ■ Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material. ■ Entry into the blood-stream through, for example, cuts, abrasions, puncture wounds or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected. ■ Aromatic hydrocarbons may produce skin irritation, vasodilation with erythema and changes in endothelial cell permeability. Systemic intoxication, resulting from contact with the light aromatics, is unlikely due to the slow rate of permeation. INHALED ■ Limited evidence exists, or practical experience predicts, that the material produces irritation of the respiratory system in a significant number of individuals following inhalation. ■ Inhalation of vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. This may be accompanied by narcosis, reduced alertness, loss of reflexes, lack of coordination and vertigo. ■ Inhalation hazard is increased at higher temperatures. ■ High inhaled concentrations of mixed hydrocarbons may produce narcosis characterised by nausea, vomiting and lightheadedness. Inhalation of aerosols may produce severe pulmonary oedema, pneumonitis and pulmonary haemorrhage. ■ Central nervous system (CNS) depression may include nonspecific discomfort, symptoms of giddiness, headache, dizziness, nausea, anaesthetic effects, slowed reaction time, slurred speech and may progress to unconsciousness. Serious poisonings may result in respiratory depression and may be fatal. ■ Acute effects from inhalation of high concentrations of vapour are pulmonary irritation, including coughing, with nausea; central nervous system depression - characterised by headache and dizziness, increased reaction time, fatigue and loss of co- ordination. ■ Inhalation of aerosols (mists, fumes), generated by the material during the course of normal handling, may be damaging to the health of the individual.

Potential chronic health

Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause drying with cracking, irritation and possible dermatitis following. Substance accumulation, in the human body, may occur and may cause some concern following repeated or long-term occupational exposure. There has been some concern that this material can cause cancer or mutations but there is not enough data to make an assessment. There is some evidence from animal testing that exposure to this material may result in toxic effects to the unborn baby. Constant or exposure over long periods to mixed hydrocarbons may produce stupor with dizziness, weakness and visual disturbance, weight loss and anaemia, and reduced liver and kidney function. Skin exposure may result in drying and cracking and redness of the skin. Repeated application of mildly hydrotreated oils (principally paraffinic), to mouse skin, induced skin tumours; no tumours were induced with severely hydrotreated oils. Chronic solvent inhalation exposures may result in nervous system impairment and liver and blood changes. [PATTYS].