Ferrosilicon alloys

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

The product does not represent a hazard to health, safety or environment when handled and stored as advised. (See section 7). Flammable and noxious gases may be formed in contact with moisture, acids or bases. (See section 10 and 11). FeSi-dust suspended in air may under certain conditions cause dust explosions. (See section 10). © COPYRIGHT ELKEM ASA 2004 4. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Irritation caused by dust: Fresh air. See a physician on persistent feeling of discomfort. Phosphine/arsine intoxication: Seek medical attention. (See section 11). Skin contact: Wash skin with water and/or a mild detergent. Eye contact: Rinse eyes with water/saline solution. See a physician on persistent feeling of discomfort. Ingestion: Remove the person affected from dust-exposed area. See inhalation. 5. Fire Fighting Measures Extinguishing media: Dry sand, CO2 or dry powder. Dry FeSi in the form of lumps or granules is not combustible. FeSi-dust suspended in air may under certain conditions cause dust explosions. (See section 10). 6. Accidental Release Measures Material in the form of dust should be collected in suitable containers. Damp product must be kept away from dry, and must not be collected and stored in closed containers. Dry dust can be vacuumed or swept up. 7. Handling and Storage Handling: Avoid handling that generates dust build-up. Avoid inhalation of dust. (See section 8). Avoid ignition sources (e.g. welding) in areas with high dust concentrations. Addition of wet material to molten metal may cause explosions. (See section 10).

Storage

FeSi must be kept in a dry and well-ventilated place, and away from acids and bases. 8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection A. Occupational exposure controls Eye protection, eye flushing facilities and protective gloves. Ensure good ventilation. Wear a particulate respirator according to EN 149 FFP 2S in areas of inadequate ventilation. If exposure to phosphine and arsine is suspected (see section 10) in areas of poor ventilation (e.g. storage holds, bunkers etc.), a self-contained breathing apparatus or an air fed respirator should be worn. Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL): (see Health and Safety Executive document EH40/2002/2003): CAS Number 8 hr TWA 10 minute STEL ppm mg/m3 ppm mg/m3 Total inhalable dust - 10 - Respirable dust - 4 - Phosphine gas (PH3) 7803-51-2 - 0.3 0.42 Arsine gas (AsH3) 7784-42-1 0.05 0.16 - The low occupational exposure limit for arsine gas is due to the evidence for carcinogenicity in humans of inorganic arsenic compounds in general (IARC). Elkem has devised a procedure (1994) for sampling and measuring of the workplace atmosphere. The OEL for dust does not cover possible arsine/phosphine absorption from dust deposited on mucous membranes. B. Environmental exposure controls See Sections 6, 7 and 12. Limit values in ambient air (Council Directive 1999/30/EC) Averaging period Limit value Date by which limit value is to be met PM10 24 hours 50 µg/m3 1 January 2005 PM10 Calendar year 40 µg/m3 1 January 2005 Not to be exceeded more than 35 times a calendar year. 9. Physical and Chemical Properties Form : Lump material. Granulate. Sieve fractions. Cyclone dust. Colour : Silvery grey, metallic surface. Odour : Odourless. Solubility (Water) : Insoluble/ slightly soluble. Si (weight%): 45 50 65 75 90 Melting Point (°C) Approx: 1290 1215 1280 1350 1400 Specifc gravity (water = 1) Approx: 4,4 4,2 3,6 3,2 2,7 10. Stability and Reactivity Conditions to avoid: Avoid generating sparks and other ignition sources (e.g. welding) in areas with high dust concentrations. FeSi-particles suspended in air at concentrations above 100-300 g/m3 can cause dust explosions. For a given particle size, the ignition sensitivity and the violence of explosion decrease with decreasing Si/Fe ratio. Dust with Si/Fe ratio ≤2 and particle diameter >10 µm, is considered not to represent any danger of explosion. Addition of wet material to molten metal may cause explosions. Materials to avoid: Water/humidity, acids and bases. Hazardous decomposition products: Highly flammable hydrogen gas (H2) and the highly flammable and very toxic gases phosphine and arsine (garlic-like smell), both heavier than air, may be formed if FeSi gets in contact with moisture, acids or bases. A reaction with hydrofluoric acid (HF) or nitric acid (HNO3) leads to the formation of toxic gases such as silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) or nitrous gases (NOx). Wet product will form highly flammable hydrogen gas if added to molten metal, due to decomposition of water.

TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Acute effects: Inhalation: Finely divided dust may irritate and dehydrate mucous membranes. Phosphine/arsine may be absorbed from dust deposited on mucous membranes. The toxic mechanism for phosphine is not clear. Phosphine irritates exposed mucous membranes, depresses the central nervous system (CNS) and can cause edema of the lungs. Acute, non-fatal poisoning with phosphine gives temporary effects, among others headache, malaise, vomiting, stomach pains, cough, and difficulty in breathing. Skin contact: Dust may irritate the skin. Eye contact: Dust may irritate and lead to dryness. Section 4 - First Aid Measures Section 12 - Ecological Information Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures Section 13 - Disposal Considerations Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures Section 14 - MSDS Transport Information Section 7 - Handling and Storage Section 15 - Regulatory Information Section 8 - Exposure Controls & Personal Protection Section 16 - Other Information The information in this document is compiled from information maintained by the United States Department of Defense (DOD). Anyone using this information is solely reponsible for the accuracy and applicability of this information to a particular use or situation. Cornell University does not in any way warrant or imply the applicability, viability or use of this information to any person or for use in any situation. Section 1 - Product and Company Identification BRINE Product Identification: BRINE Date of MSDS 01/01/1987 Technical Date: 06/10/1987 file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/dswisher/My...%20Permit/Permit%20Apps/MVEIRB/DAR/MSDS/BRINE.txt (1 of 8)12/21/2006 3 11 41 PM file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/dswisher/My%20Documents/P...ironmental%20&%20Permit/Permit%20Apps/MVEIRB/DAR/MSDS/BRINE.txt FSC 6810 NIIN LIIN 00F005060 Submitter: F BT Status Code: C MFN: 01 Article: N Kit Part: N Manufacturer's Information Manufacturer's Name: GREAT SALT LAKE MINERAL & CHEM/OGDEN, UT 84402 Manufacturer's Address1: Manufacturer's Address2: N/P, NK 00000 Manufacturer's Country: NK General Information Telephone: Emergency Telephone: (801) 731-3100 MSDS Preparer's Name: N/P Proprietary: N Reviewed: Y Published: Y CAGE: 40167 Special Project Code: N Contractor Information Contractor's Name: GREAT SALT LAKE MINERAL & CHEMICAL CORP Contractor's Address1: 765 N 10500 W Contractor's Address2: OGDEN, UT 84404 Contractor's Telephone: 801-731-3100 Contractor's CAGE: 40167 Section 2 - Compositon/Information on Ingredients BRINE Ingredient Name: MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE (28-32%) Ingredient CAS Number 7786-30-3 Ingredient CAS Code M RTECS Number OM2800000 RTECS Code M =WT: =WT Code: =Volume: =Volume Code: >WT: >WT Code: >Volume: >Volume Code: <WT: <WT Code: file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/dswisher/My...%20Permit/Permit%20Apps/MVEIRB/DAR/MSDS/BRINE.txt (2 of 8)12/21/2006 3 11 41 PM file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/dswisher/My%20Documents/P...ironmental%20&%20Permit/Permit%20Apps/MVEIRB/DAR/MSDS/BRINE.txt <Volume: <Volume Code: % Low WT: % Low WT Code: % High WT: % High WT Code: % Low Volume: % Low Volume Code: % High Volume: % High Volume Code: % Text: 32% % Enviromental Weight: Other REC Limits: N/P

Potential chronic health

No adverse chronic effects expected, based on both practical experience and review of available scientific literature. Historic, epidemiological studies covering cohorts of workers in the Norwegian ferro-alloy industry have been carried out.

ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

The product is not characterised as dangerous for the environment. MOBILITY: The alloy has poor mobility under normal environmental conditions. PERSISTENCE: Not relevant for the elements in the alloy. BIOACCUMULATION: Not relevant, due to low mobility and non-dispersive use. ECO-TOXICITY: LC50/LD50: Not determined. Hardly relevant for inorganic, insoluble substances.

Disposal

Considerations The material should be recovered for recycling where possible. Disposal of materials must conform to the requirements of Section 34 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990. This material is not classed as "Special Waste" under the Control of Pollution (Special Waste) Regulations (2001). Prior to disposal of large quantities of this material, advice should be sought from the nearest Environment Agency. 14. Transport Information UN no. 1408 IMO/BC-Code2), 3): (30-90)% Si, Class 4.3 BC-no.: 022 IMO/BC-Code2), 3): (25-30) and >90)% Si, Class MHB IMDG-code1) Not assigned to class 4.3 ICAO/IATA1) Not assigned to class 4.3 ADR/RID1) Not assigned to class 4.3 1) Consignments of ferrosilicon with a chemical analysis as described in section 2 has been tested according to “United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Test and Criteria Part III - 33.4.1.4” and has passed the test. Consequently, the product is not classified as a Class 4.3 product. 2) The shipment must be stored under cover, but in open air, in the particle size in which it is to be shipped, for no less than three days prior to shipment. IMO's "Code of Safe Practice for Solid Bulk Cargoes". 15. Regulatory Information Product classification and labelling:

Hazard pictograms

Not subject to classification.

R-phrase(s)

None.

S-phrase(s)

None. The text of this Safety Data Sheet is prepared in compliance with: - Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging) Regulations 2002 - Directives 2001/58/EC and 1999/45/EC

Further information

Literature references are available upon application to the manufacturer. file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/dswisher/My%20Documents/P...ironmental%20&%20Permit/Permit%20Apps/MVEIRB/DAR/MSDS/BRINE.txt BRINE Division of Facilities Services DOD Hazardous Material Information (ANSI Format) For Cornell University Convenience Only BRINE Section 1 - Product and Company Identification Section 9 - Physical & Chemical Properties Section 2 - Compositon/Information on Ingredients Section 10 - Stability & Reactivity Data Including Emergency Overview Section 11

Health hazards

Acute & Chronic N/P Signs & Symptoms of Overexposure: N/K _

Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure

N/P LD50 LC50 Mixture: N/P

Principle Routes of Exposure

Indicators Inhalation: N/P Skin: N/P Ingestion: N/P Carcenogenicity Indicators NTP: N/P IARC: N/P