9180 Thinner

Health hazards

INFORMATION ***** OVERVIEW: The most likely routes of worker exposure to the components of a vehicle or thinner product are skin contact and inhalation. Skin irritation and/or other effects of skin contact are easily avoided by: using proper gloves (See "Protection In- formation" section below); not touching exposed skin (like face, neck) or clothing with contaminated gloves; using pro- per techniques for removing gloves; washing affected areas immediately if skin contact occurs; washing hands before leaving the work area. 9180/A01 Page Inhalation exposure would occur by breathing the volatile components of this product. Volatile components begin to evaporate at room temperature when the product container is opened. Evaporation continues as the worker mixes this pro~ duct by itself with a spatula, or uses it as a vehicle/thin- ner by mixing it into another DuPont paste product. Because of the relatively low vapor pressure materials used in this product, rate of evaporation is expected to be very slow. However, concentration of volatile components may increase under other conditions. For example, printing very large substrate surfaces, or processing higher volumes of parts per unit time may increase the availability of volatile substances. Also, during drying (90-150 deg C) most volatile solvents and organics will evaporate. Elevated temperatures cause more rapid generation of volatile components from the print~ ed substrates. Consideration should also be given to over- exposure to other chemicals used in the operation, for exam— ple, solvents used to clean equipment is an another source of volatile substances. Local ventilation, "plumbed in” equipment ventilation and well designed enclosures around process equipment (like mix- ers, drying ovens, screen printers, etc) are effective ways to limit worker inhalation overexposure here necessary. Al~ so, hand-mixing should be done with local ventilation or in a fume hood where fugitive vapors and volatile components would be kept out of the worker's breathing zone. Personal protective equipment (e.g. cartridge respirator) also may be effective in reducing exposure if necessary. Well-designed area and personal air sampling and analysis can show if ex- posures are within required or recommended limits. Discharge from the ventilation systems should comply with all local, state and federal laws, regulations and permits. In addition to meeting exposure limits, significant differ ences in overall exposure can be made by practical steps: * Inhalation ~ minimize by keeping closed containers of products, solvents, cleaners, and solvent-dampened clean wipes; * Skin - avoid contact by wearing protective coverings, including gloves, and us- ing them properly; * Eyes - wear chemical safety glasses when handling the product, solvents, and waste materials, and where there is potential for splashing, wear chemi- cal goggles or face shield; * Ingestion ~- avoid by washing hands before eating, drinking or smoking and restricting 9180/A01 these activities to outside the work area. PRINCIPAL HEALTH EFFECTS: >>>Terpineol (Mixed Isomers) ****Additional animal tests have shown: One manufacturer reported that aerosol inhalation exposure of rats for one hour at 41 mg/L or for four hours at 3.70 mg/L caused no death or prolonged signs of toxicity. A five-hour exposure to the saturated vapor of a major component, a terpene alcohol, at 0.27 mg/L also caused no prolonged effects; No mutagenic toxicity in bacterial or mammalian cell cultures, but untested in animals; No animal test reports are available to define carcinogenic, developmental, or reproductive hazards; Not tested for genetic damage in animals.

Potential health effects

of overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Skin irritation with discomfort or rash; Allergic skin rashes; Infrequently associated with skin sensitization in humans; BY EYE CONTACT: Eye irritation with discomfort, tearing, or blurring of vision; BY INHALATION: Nonspecific discomfort, e.g., nausea, headache or weakness; Diarrhea; Irritation of mucous membranes; Irritation of the upper respiratory passages; BY INGESTION: Gastrointestinal tract irritation with upper abdominal pain (heartburn), nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; possibly "coffee grounds" vomitus and black, tarry stools from gastrointestinal bleeding; Coughing; Shortness of breath. ****Human effects of higher level acute, repeated or chronic overexposure may include: BY INGESTION: Incoordination; Unconsciousness; Confusion; Dizziness; Hypotension; Headache; Temporary nervous system depression with anaesthetic effects such as dizziness, headache, confusion, incoordination, loss of consciousness and possibly respiratory failure. ***In addition: BY INHALATION: One manufacturer of this low vapor pressure substance has recommended an EXPOSURE LIMIT of 100 parts per million (ppm) as a Time~Weighted Average (TWA) to protect workers against negative health effects that might be caused by this substance; BY INGESTION: Small amounts of this ingredient aspirated into the lungs during ingestion or vomiting may cause chemical pneumonia. Symptoms include coughing, gasping, choking, shortness of breath, bluish skin coloration, fever, rapid heart rate and breathing. Symptoms may be delayed up to 24 hours. >>>Dibutyl Phthalate ****Toxic effects described in animals include: BY SKIN CONTACT: No skin sensitization; BY INHALATION: Eye 9180/A01 Page irritation; Blood effects; Nonspecific effects, e.g., weight loss and irritation; BY INGESTION: Conjunctivitis; Incoordination; Respiratory effects; Gastrointestinal effects. Toxic effects of repeated or prolonged animal exposures include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Dermatitis; Weight loss; Kidney effects; Testicular effects; BY INHALATION: Liver effects; Lung effects; BY INGESTION: Reduced growth rate; Stomach effects; Testicular effects; Kidney effects; Liver effects; Toxic effects of chronic animal tests include: BY INHALATION: Weight loss; Lung effects; Body chemistry effects; Brain effects; ****Additional animal tests have shown: There are reports that this material produced genetic damage in some animal or mammalian cell culture tests; however, there are other reports that suggest negative results; No carcinogenic toxicity; Genetic damage in bacterial cell cultures; Animal tests demonstrate developmental toxicity; Not tested for genetic damage in animals; Animal tests demonstrate reproductive toxicity. of overexposure may include: BY SKIN OR EYE CONTACT: Skin irritation with discomfort or rash; Eye ixritation with discomfort, tearing, or blurring of vision; BY INHALATION: Irritation of the upper respiratory passages with coughing and discomfort; BY INGESTION: Nonspecific discomfort, e.g-, nausea, headache or weakness. ****Human effects of higher level acute, repeated or chronic overexposure may include: Temporary central nervous system depression with anaesthetic effects: dizziness, headache, confusion, incoordination, and loss of consciousness; Abnormal kidney function with altered results on blood tests; Abnormal liver function with altered enzyme levels in blood. Individuals may have increased susceptibility to

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

of overexposure to ingredient(s) of this product if they have pre- existing diseases of the: Central nervous system; Lungs. ANIMAL DATA: >>>Terpineol (Mixed Isomers) Inhalation 4 hr LC50 [Rat]: No information found Skin Absorption LD50 [Rabbit]: >2,000 mg/kg Oral LD50 [Rat]: 3,200 mg/kg. >>>Dibutyl Phthalate INHALATION 2 hour LC50 [Rats]: 25 mg/L SKIN Absorption LD50 [Rabbits]: ~21,000 mg/kg ORAL LD50 [Rats]: 8,000 mg/kg. 9180/A01 Page CARCINOGENICITY LISTING: No ingredients of this product are designated by IARC, NTP,