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Health hazards

INFORMATION OVERVIEW: The most likely routes of worker overexposure to this product are skin contact and inhalation. Skin irritation and/or other effects of skin contact are easily avoided by: using proper gloves (See "Protection In- (CONTINUED) \ 7740 PAGE 2 INFORMATION continued) formation" section below); not touching exposed skin (like face, neck) or clothing with contaminated gloves; using pro- per techniques for removing gloves; washing affected areas immediately if skin contact occurs; washing hands before leaving the work area. Inhalation exposure would occur by breathing the product’‘s volatile components. When the product is used at room temp- erature, volatile solvents / organics will slowly evaporate. Room temperature use may include: when the product contain- er is opened; during product "thinning"; mixing product with a spatula; dispensing product onto a screen/stencil surface; during printing or stenciling operation; removing product from the screen/stencil. However, concentration of volatile components may increase under other conditions. For example, printing very large substrate surfaces, or processing higher volumes of parts per unit time may increase the amount of a- vailable volatile components. Also, during drying (80-200 C) most volatile solvents and organics will evaporate. Elevated temperatures cause more rapid generation of volatile components from the printed sub strates. During the firing step (600-950 C) all remaining organics will burn off but small amounts of non-refractory metals and metal oxides, such as lead or cadmium, if present in the product, may vaporize to rapidly re-condense outside the furnace’s high temperature regions. Personnel performing maintenance/repairs on furnaces or ducts may need respirator and protective clothing to prevent exposure to accumulated metal oxides and condensate. Also, laser trimming resistors volatilizes small amounts of metal and metal oxides. Consideration should be given to avoiding overexposure to other chemicals that may be used in conjunction with thick film products ~ examples: using product thinners; and sol- vents used to clean process equipment Well-designed area and personal air sampling/analysis can show if exposures are within required / recommended limits. Properly designed engineering controls, such as local venti- lation and process enclosures, are effective to reduce envi- ronmental concentrations to permissible limits. Respirators should be used when engineering and work practice controls fail and need to be supplemented. See "Exposure Limits" tab le below for more information. Also, hand-mixing of product should be done with local ventilation or in a fume hood where vapors would be kept out of worker's breathing zone. Process controls and procedures must compy with all appli- cable Federal, State (or Provincial), Local safety, health, and environmental laws, regulations and ordinances. In addition, it is always prudent to use all practical means to limit worker exposure to chemicals. Significant differences in overall exposure can be made by practical measures such as: * Inhalation - Minimize by keeping containers of product, solvents, solvent-dampened clean wipes, etc. closed; * Eye - Wear chemical safety glasses when handling product, solvents and waste materials, and where there is potential for splashing, wear chemical goggles and face shield; * Skin - Avoid contact by selecting proper gloves, and know how to use them properly; {CONTINUED} 7740 PAGE 3 HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION continuep) * Ingestion - Avoid by washing hands before eating, drinking, or smoking, and restrict these activities to places outside of work areas. PRINCIPAL HEALTH EFFECTS: >>>Terpineol (Mixed Isomers) x***Toxic effects described in animals include: BY SKIN OR EYE CONTACT: Skin irritation; Eye irritation; No skin sensitization. ****Additional animal tests have shown: BY INHALATION OF VAPORS OR FUMES FROM HEATED MATERIALS: No genetic damage in bacterial cell cultures; BY INGESTION: Developmental toxicity at dosage levels showing maternal toxicity. INFORMATION(conTINUED) Skin LD50 [Rabbits]: 22.0 g/kg Oral LpSO [Rats]: >2.0 g/kg. >>>Propylene Glycol Phenyl Ether Inhalation LD50: no data found Skin Absorption LD50 [Rabbit]: >2,000 mg/kg Oral LDS50O [Rat]: 2,830 - 3,730 mg/kg. >>>Diethylene Glycol Dibutyl Ether Inhalation LD50: no data found Skin Absorption LD50 [Rabbit]: 5040 mg/kg Oral LD50 [Rat]: 3900 mg/kg. >>oTrimethylpentanediol Monoisobutyrate Skin LD50 [Rabbit]: >15,200 mg/kg Skin LD50 [Guinea Pig]: >19,000 mg/kg Inhalation LC 6 hour [Rat]: >2.75 mg/L Oral LDSO [Rat]: 6,517 mg/kg Oral LD50 [Male mouse] 1,600 mg/kg. >>>Dimethyl Phthalate Inhalation 6.5 hr ALC [Cats]: 9.3 mg/L Skin Absorption LDSO[Rabbit]: >10 mL/kg Oral LDS50 [Rats]: 8,204 mg/kg. >>>Copper Oxide Inhalation LD50: no data found Skin Absorption LD50 [Rabbit]: no data found Oral LDS5O [Rat]: 470 mg/kg Intraperitoneal LD50 [Mouse]: 380 mg/kg. >s>Silver (Metallic) { Inhalation 4 hr Lcso [Rat]: No information found Skin Absorption LD50 [Rabbit]: >2,000 mg/kg Oral LD50 [Mouse]: >5,000 mg/kg. >>>Alkyl Phenolic Resin Inhalation 4 hr LC50 [Rat]: No information found Skin Absorption LD50 [Rabbit]: No information found Oral LDSO [Rat]: No information found >>>Ethyl Cellulose Inhalation 4 hr LC50 [Rat]: No data found Skin Absorption LD50 [Rabbits]: >5,000 mg/kg Oral LDS50 [Rats]: >5,000 mg/kg. >>>Proprietary Ingredient (s) Inhalation 4 hr LC50 [Rat]: No information found Skin Absorption LD50 [Rabbit]: No information found Oral LDSO [Rat]: No information found. Glass or Ceramic ingredient (s) composed of compounds of: >>>Bismuth Trioxide Inhalation 4 hr LC50 [Rat]: No information found Skin Absorption LD50 [Rabbit]: No information found Oral LDS5O [Rat]: No information found. (CONTINUED) , \ 7740 PAGE 8 HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION( continued) CARCINOGENICITY LISTING: No ingredients of this product are designated by IARC, NTP,

Potential health effects

of overexposure may include: BY SKIN OR EYE CONTACT: Infrequently associated with skin sensitization in humans; Skin irritation with discomfort or rash; Eye irritation with discomfort, tearing, or blurring of vision; Allergic skin rashes; BY INHALATION: Irritation of the upper respiratory passages; BY INGESTION: Gastrointestinal tract irritation with upper abdominal pain (heartburn), nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; possibly “coffee grounds" vomitus and black, tarry stools from gastrointestinal bleeding; BY INHALATION OR INGESTION: Nonspecific discomfort, e.g., nausea, headache or weakness; Diarrhea. ****Human effects of higher level acute, repeated or chronic overexposure may include: BY INGESTION: Temporary nervous system depression with anaesthetic effects such as dizziness, headache, confusion, incoordination, loss of consciousness and possibly respiratory failure. ***In addition: BY INHALATION: One manufacturer of this low vapor pressure substance has recommended an EXPOSURE LIMIT of 100 parts per million (ppm) as a Time-Weighted Average (TWA) to protect workers against negative health effects that might be caused by this substance; BY INGESTION: Small amounts of this ingredient aspirated into the lungs during ingestion or vomiting may cause chemical pneumonia. Symptoms include coughing, gasping, choking, shortness of breath, bluish skin coloration, fever, rapid heart rate and breathing. Symptoms may be delayed up to 24 hours. >>>Propylene Glycol Phenyl Ether **+**TOxic effects described in animals include: BY INHALATION OF VAPORS OR FUMES FROM HEATED MATERIALS: Liver effects; Kidney effects; Lung effects. Toxic effects of repeated or prolonged animal exposures include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Corrosive to the skin; Moderate to severe skin irritation; **k*Additional animal tests have shown: BY CONTACT, INHALATION, OR INGESTION: No animal data available to define the carcinogenicity, developmental, reproductive or mutagenic of overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Data to evaluate skin permeation hazard of this substance are insufficient; Skin irritation with discomfort or rash; There are no reports of human sensitization; BY EYE CONTACT: Bye irritation with discomfort, tearing, or blurring of vision; BY INHALATION: Abnormal liver function as detected by laboratory tests; Abnormal kidney function as detected by laboratory tests. ****Human effects of higher level acute, repeated or chronic overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Corrosion; BY (CONTINUED) i 7740 PAGE 4 HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION continued) INHALATION OR CONTACT: No acceptable information to confidently predict effects of chronic human exposure >>>Diethylene Glycol Dibutyl Ether ****Toxic effects described in animals include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Slight skin irritation; BY EYE CONTACT: Slight eye irritation. ****Additional animal tests have shown: No animal test reports are available to define carcinogenic, mutagenic, embrytoxic or reproductive hazards. of overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: May irritate skin; May be absorbed through skin; BY EYE CONTACT: May cause irritation; Burning sensation; BY INHALATION: Irritation of the nose and throat; Irritation of lungs; BY INGESTION: Irritation of gastrointestinal tract; Irritation of mouth; Irritation of the nose and throat. ***In addition: No known effects of overexposure, however, compounds of the group "glycol diethers* with similar chemical structure, in studies involving laboratory animals, have shown to cause reversible testicular and sperm damage as well as birth defects. >>>Trimethylpentanediol Monoisobutyrate ****Toxic effects described in animals include: BY SKIN CONTACT: No skin sensitization. Toxic effects of repeated or prolonged animal exposures include: BY INGESTION: Increased liver weight; ****Additional animal tests have shown: No genetic damage in bacterial cell cultures; No animal test reports are available to define carcinogenic, developmental, or reproductive hazards; Not tested for genetic damage in animals. of overexposure may include: BY EYE CONTACT: Eye irritation with discomfort, tearing, or blurring of vision; BY CONTACT, INHALATION, OR INGESTION: No acceptable information to confidently predict effects of excessive human exposure. ****Human effects of higher level acute, repeated or chronic overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Skin irritation with discomfort or rash; Significant skin permeation, and systemic toxicity, after contact appears unlikely. >>>Dimethyl Phthalate ****Toxic effects described in animals include: BY SKIN CONTACT: No skin sensitization. Toxic effects of repeated or prolonged animal exposures include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Kidney effects; BY INHALATION: Death; BY INGESTION: Liver effects; Toxic effects of chronic animal tests include: BY INGESTION: Reduced growth rate; Kidney effects; ****Additional animal tests have shown: Not tested for heritable genetic damage; Genetic damage in animals, bacterial or mammalian cell cultures; No carcinogenic toxicity; No developmental toxicity; No animal data available to define reproductive toxicity. of overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: May irritate skin; BY EYE CONTACT: May cause irritation with discomfort, tearing or blurring of vision; BY INHALATION: Irritation of the upper respiratory passages; BY INGESTION: Severe irritation of the gastrointestinal tract with nausea, vomiting, salivation, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and pain; BY INHALATION OR INGESTION: Temporary nervous system depression with anaesthetic effects, e.g., dizziness, headache, confusion, incoordination, and loss of consciousness. ***In addition: BY (CONTINUED) 7740 PAGE 5 HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION continued) SKIN CONTACT: There are no reports on human sensitization; Significant skin permeation appears unlikely; BY INHALATION OR INGESTION: It has been reported that this substance may be able to accumulate in body tissue if it enters the body. Chronic exposure may affect the central nervous system. >>>Copper Oxide ****Toxic effects described in animals include: Untested for animal sensitization; BY SKIN CONTACT: No skin irritation. ****Additional animal tests have shown: No animal test reports are available to define carcinogenic, mutagenic, embrytoxic or reproductive hazards. of overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Skin discoloration; May cause irritation, redness or itching; Alteration in hair/fingernail color; BY EYE CONTACT: May cause ulceration of the conjunctiva and cornea; Irritation; Eye irritation with discomfort, tearing, or blurring of vision; BY INHALATION: May result in ulceration and perforation of respiratory tract; Sore throat; Irritation of the upper respiratory passages with coughing and discomfort; BY INGESTION: May cause gastrointestinal discomfort with nonspecific discomfort, e.g., nausea, headache and weakness; Diarrhea; Vomiting; BY CONTACT, INHALATION, OR INGESTION: No acceptable information to confidently predict effects of excessive human exposure. ***In addition: BY INHALATION OF VAPORS OR FUMES FROM HEATED MATERIALS: Breathing metal fumes or fine dust may cause "metal fume fever" with metallic taste, flu-like symptoms, chills, fever, joint and muscle aches, asthma-like reactions with shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, tiredness, wheezing and coughing. Symptoms may be delayed for 12 hours. >>>Silver (Metallic) ****Toxic effects described in animals include: Liver damage. ****Additional animal tests have shown: Genetic damage in mammalian cell cultures; No genetic damage in bacterial cell cultures; No animal test reports are available to define carcinogenic, developmental, or reproductive hazards. of overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: May cause irritation; BY EYE CONTACT: May cause irritation; Photophobia; BY INHALATION: Irritation of the respiratory tract; BY INGESTION: Irritation of digestive tract; BY CONTACT, INHALATION, OR INGESTION: Argyria, a blue- gray discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, inner surface of eyelids, cornea or lens. ****Human effects of higher level acute, repeated or chronic overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Dermatitis. ***In addition: There is no effective treatment for argyria. Cases of argyria have net resulted from exposure to silver concentrations in air of less than 0.01 mg/m3; Inhalation of fumes of this metal may cause metal fume fever. >>eAlkyl Phenolic Resin teeeToxic effects described in animals include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Dermatitis. Toxic effects of repeated or prolonged animal exposures include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Sensitization; of overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Dermatitis; May irritate skin; BY EYE CONTACT: May irritate skin; BY INHALATION: Dust may irritate respiratory (CONTINUED) 7740 PAGE 6 HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION continue) system; may be harmful; BY INGESTION: Not probable route of exposure. >>eEthyl Cellulose ****Toxic effects described in animals include: Skin irritation; BY INGESTION: No toxic effects. ****Additional animal tests have shown: BY CONTACT, INHALATION, OR INGESTION: No carcinogenic activity based on tests; No animal test reports are available to define mutagenic, embryotoxic, or reproductive hazards. of overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: May cause mild irritation; There are no reports of human sensitization; BY EYE CONTACT: Nuisance particulate may cause eye irritation; BY INHALATION: Dust may cause irritation to upper respiratory tract. ****Human effects of higher level acute, repeated or chronic overexposure may include: BY CONTACT, INHALATION, OR INGESTION: No acceptable information to confidently predict effects of chronic human exposure. >>>Proprietary Ingredient (s) ****Toxic effects described in animals include: Untested for animal sensitization; BY EYE CONTACT: Slight eye irritation. ****Additional animal tests have shown: No mutagenic toxicity in bacterial or mammalian cell cultures; Tests in animals demonstrate no embryotoxic activity; No animal data available to define developmental toxicity; No animal data available to define carcinogenicity. of overexposure may include: BY CONTACT, INHALATION, OR INGESTION: No acceptable information to confidently predict effects of excessive human exposure. Glass or Ceramic ingredient (s) composed of compounds of: >>>Bismuth Trioxide of overexposure may include: BY SKIN CONTACT: Skin absorption unlikely; Not expected to cause irritation; BY EYE CONTACT: May cause mechanical eye irritation; BY INHALATION: No known or anticipated toxic effects. ****Human effects of higher level acute, repeated or chronic overexposure may include: No acceptable information to confidently predict effects of chronic human exposure. ***In addition: BY INGESTION: Most Bismuth compounds are poorly absorbed. Chronic ingestion of some bismuth compounds May cause nausea, vomiting, diarhhea, colic, anorexia and black line on the gums and black spots on the buccal mucosa. Individuals may have increased susceptibility to of overexposure to ingredient(s) of this product if they have pre- existing diseases of the: Skin; Eyes; Central nervous system; Respiratory system; Blood; Pulmonary system; Immune system; Cardiovascular system; Lungs; Kidneys; Liver. ANIMAL DATA: >>>Terpineol (Mixed Isomers) Inhalation (Aerosol) 4 hrs [Rats]: 3.70 mg/L (CONTINUED) 7740 PAGE 7

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

of this material.