E-85

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

Major Route(s) of Entry Skin contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Exposure Inhalation Breathing high concentrations may be harmful. Mist or vapor can irritate the throat and lungs. Breathing this material may cause central nervous system depression with symptoms including nausea, headache, dizziness, fatigue, drowsiness, or unconsciousness. Breathing high concentrations of this material, for example, in an enclosed space or by intentional abuse, can cause irregular heartbeats which can cause death. Eye Contact This product can cause eye irritation with short-term contact with liquid, mists or vapor. Symptoms include stinging, watering, redness, and swelling. In severe cases, permanent eye damage can result. Skin Contact This material can cause skin irritation. The severity of irritation will depend on the amount of material that is applied to the skin and the speed and thoroughness that it is removed. It is likely that some components of this material are able to pass into the body through the skin and may cause similar effects as from breathing or swallowing it. If the skin is damaged or abraded, absorption increases. Ingestion If swallowed, this material may irritate the mucous membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus. It can be readily absorbed by the stomach and intestinal tract. Symptoms include a burning sensation of the mouth and esophagus, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, staggered gait, drowsiness, loss of consciousness and delirium, as well as additional central nervous system (CNS) effects. Due to its light viscosity, there is a danger of aspiration into the lungs during swallowing and subsequent vomiting. Aspiration can result in severe lung damage or death. Cardiovascular effects include shallow rapid pulse with pallor (loss of color in the face) followed by flushing (redness of the face). Also, progressive CNS depression, respiratory insufficiency and ventricular fibrillation leads to death.

Potential chronic health

Intentional misuse by deliberately concentrating and inhaling gasoline can be harmful or fatal. Summary Altered mental state, drowsiness, peripheral motor neuropathy, irreversible brain damage ("Petrol Sniffers Encephalopathy"), delirium, seizures and sudden death are associated with repeated abuse of gasoline or naphtha. of ingestion and subsequent aspiration into the lungs may include pneumatocele (lung cavity) formation and chronic lung dysfunction. Benzene, a component of this product, is associated with blood disorders and may damage E-85 bone marrow, causing certain types of anemia. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (1987, 2004, 2007) and the U.S. EPA (IRIS 2007) have determined that benzene is a human carcinogen. It is also capable of causing changes in living cells' genetic material (chromosomes) and is considered to be a mutagen. Repeated and prolonged overexposure to n-hexane has been associated with peripheral nerve tissue damage. Adverse effects include numbness, tingling, pain, and loss of muscle control in the extremities, disorientation, impaired vision and reflexes, decline in motor function and paralysis. Prolonged or repeated overexposure to toluene, a component of this product, has been associated with reproductive effects in experimental animals and in long-term chemical abuse situations. Long-term overexposure to toluene has been associated with impaired color vision. Also, long-term overexposure to toluene in occupational environments have been associated with hearing damage. Prolonged or repeated overexposure to xylene, a component of this product, has been associated with hearing damage in laboratory animals. Repeated overexposure may cause injury to bone marrow, blood cells, kidney, and liver. Refer to Section 11 of this MSDS for additional health-related information. Conditions Aggravated Disorders of the following organs or organ systems that may be aggravated by significant by Exposure exposure to this material or its components include: Skin, Respiratory System, Liver, Kidneys, Central Nervous System (CNS), Cardiovascular System, Blood-forming system. Target Organs May cause damage to the following organs: blood, kidneys, lungs, the reproductive system, liver, mucous membranes, heart, peripheral nervous system, cardiovascular system, upper respiratory tract, skin, auditory system, bone marrow, central nervous system (CNS), eye, lens or cornea Carcinogenic Potential This material contains benzene at concentrations above 0.1%. Benzene is considered to be a known human carcinogen by OSHA, IARC and NTP. This material may contain ethylbenzene, cumene and naphthalene at concentrations above 0.1%. IARC has identified ethylbenzene, cumene and naphthalene as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) based on laboratory animal studies. The NTP has determined that naphthalene is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence from studies in experimental animals.

OSHA HCS Classification

is indicated by an "X" in the box adjacent to the hazard title. If no "X" is present, the product does not exhibit the hazard as defined in the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200). OSHA Health Hazard Classification OSHA Physical Hazard Classification Irritant X Sensitizer Combustible Explosive Pyrophoric Toxic Highly Toxic Flammable X Oxidizer Water-reactive Corrosive Carcinogenic X Compressed Gas Organic Peroxide Unstable