Lead Acid Battery

Hazardous Ingredients

OSHA Exposure Limits Material

Appearance/Odor

Electrolyte (sulfuric acid and water) is a clear liquid with a sharp, penetrating, pungent odor. Vapor pressure (mm Hg @ 20...C) 10 Solubility in water (% by Wt.) 100% Evaporation rate (Butyl acetate = 1) Less than 1 CDN Energy and Power International Corp. – SLI MSDS 1 of 5 October 2016 4. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION ROUTES AND METHOD OF ENTRY Routes of entry Under normal conditions of use, sulfuric acid vapors and mist are not generated. Sulfuric acid vapors and mist may be generated when product is overheated, oxidized, or otherwise processed or damaged. Under normal conditions of use, lead dust, vapors, and fumes are not generated. Hazardous exposure to lead may occur when product is overheated, oxidized, or otherwise processed or damaged to create lead dust, vapor, or fumes. Inhalation High levels of sulfuric acid vapors or mist may cause severe respiratory irritation. Skin contact Sulfuric acid may cause severe irritation, burns, and ulceration. Skin absorption Sulfuric acid is not readily absorbed through the skin. Lead compounds are not readily absorbed through the skin. Eye contact Sulfuric acid vapors or mist can cause severe irritation, burns, cornea damage, and possible blindness. Lead compounds may cause irritation. Ingestion Sulfuric acid may cause severe irritation of mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach. Lead compounds may cause abdominal pain, nausea, headaches, vomiting, diarrhea, and severe cramping. Acute ingestion should be treated by physician. SIGNS AND SYMPTONS OF OVEREXPOSURE Acute effects Sulfuric acid may cause severe skin irritation, upper respiratory irritation, burns, damage to cornea, and possible blindness. Lead compounds may cause abdominal pain, nausea, headaches, vomiting, diarrhea, severe cramping, and difficulty in sleeping.

Potential chronic health

Sulfuric acid may lead to scarring of the cornea, inflammation of nose, throat and bronchial tubes, and possible erosion of tooth enamel. Lead compounds may cause anemia, and damage to the kidneys and nervous system. May cause reproductive harm in both males and females. POTENTIAL TO CAUSE CANCER Human studies are inconclusive regarding lead exposure and an increased cancer risk. The EPA and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) have categorized lead and inorganic lead compounds as a B2 classification (probable/possible human carcinogen) based on sufficient animal evidence and inadequate human evidence. EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES Inhalation Sulfuric acid: Remove to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult give oxygen. Lead compounds: Remove from exposure, gargle, wash nose and eyes, and consult physician. Skin Sulfuric acid: Flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, remove any contaminated clothing and do not wear again until cleaned. If acid is splashed on shoes, remove and clean. Lead compounds are not readily absorbed through the skin. CDN Energy and Power International Corp. – SLI MSDS 2 of 5 October 2016 Eyes Sulfuric acid: Flush immediately with cool water for at least 15 minutes, then consult physician. Lead compounds: Flush immediately with cool water for at least 15 minutes, then consult physician. Ingestion Sulfuric acid: Give large quantities of water. DO NOT induce vomiting, then consult physician. Lead compounds: Consult a physician. 5. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flash point Not applicable Flammable limits Lower 4.65% (Hydrogen gas) Upper 93.9% Extinguishing media Carbon dioxide (CO2), foam, or dry chemical. Special fire fighting Procedures If batteries on charge, turn off power. Use positive pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus. Water applied to electrolyte generates heat and causes it to splatter. Wear acid resistant clothing. Unusual fire and explosion hazard Hydrogen and oxygen gases are produced in the cells during normal battery operation or when on charge (hydrogen is highly flammable and oxygen supports combustion). These gases enter the air through the vent caps. To avoid risk of fire or explosion, keep sparks and other sources of ignition away from the battery, and ensure that adequate ventilation is provided. Do not allow metallic material to simultaneously contact both the positive and negative terminals of batteries. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for installation and operation. 6. REACTIVITY DATA Stability □ Unstable ■ Stable Conditions to avoid Sparks and other sources of ignition. Prolonged overcharge and overheating. Incompatibility (material to avoid) Combination of sulfuric acid with combustibles, and organic materials may cause fire and explosion. Also avoid strong reducing agents, most metals, carbides, chlorates, nitrates, picrate. Lead compound: potassium, carbides, sulfides, peroxides, phosphorus, and sulfur. Hazardous decomposition products Sulfuric acid: hydrogen, sulfur trioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfuric acid mist. Hazardous polymerization □ May occur Will not occur 7. CONTROL MEASURES Engineering Controls Store and handle lead acid batteries in well-ventilated areas. Work Practices Make certain vent caps are on tightly. Follow all manufacturer’s recommendations when stacking or palletizing. Do not allow metallic materials to simultaneously contact both the positive and negative terminals of the batteries. Use a battery carrier to lift battery or place hands on opposite corners to avoid spilling acid through the vents. Avoid contact with internal components of the batteries. CDN Energy and Power International Corp. – SLI MSDS 3 of 5 October 2016