FAST Adhesive Box Set Part A

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

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Potential health effects

PPE

Principle Routes of Exposure

Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion

Health hazards

Target Organs: Respiratory tract, skin, eyes. igee. 8 Acute Effects Inhalation: MDI vapors or mist at concentrations above the TLV can irritate (burning sensation) the mucous membranes in the respiratory tact (nose, throat, lungs) causing runny nose, sore throat, coughing, chest discomfort, shortness of breath and reduced lung function (breathing obstruction). Persons with a pre-existing, non-specific bronchial hyperactivity can respond to concentrations below the TLV with similar symptoms as well as asthma attack or asthma-like symptoms. Acute or chronic overexposure to isocyanates may cause sensitization in some individuals, resulting in allergic respiratory reactions including wheezing, shortness of breath and difficulty breathing. Airborne overexposure, well above the TLV, may lead to eye irritation, headache, chemical bronchitis, asthma-like findings, bronchial spasm and pulmonary edema (fluid in lungs). These effects are usually reversible. Chemical or hypersensitive pneumonitis, with flu-like symptoms (e.g., fever, chills) has also been reported. These symptoms can be delayed up to several hours after exposure. Overexposure to 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane may cause lightheadedness, headaches, or lethargy. Persons with cardiac arrythmia may be at increased risk to severe exposure Eye: Liquid, aerosols or vapors are irritating and can cause tearing, reddening and swelling. Eye contact with isocyanates may also result in conjunctival irritation and mild corneal opacity. If left untreated, corneal damage can occur and injury is slow to heal. However, damage is usually reversible. Vapor or aerosol may cause irritation with symptoms of burning and tearing. Skin: Isocyanates react with skin protein and moisture and can cause irritation, which may include the following symptoms: reddening, swelling, rash, scaling or blistering. Skin sensitization, irritation, and/or dermatitis (irritative or allergic) may develop after repeated and/or prolonged contact with human skin. Data derived from an animal model (guinea pig) demonstrate that dermal exposure to MDI can lead to respiratory sensitization. The data indicate that the greater the amount of MDI skin exposure, the greater risk of developing respiratory sensitization. Cured material is difficult to remove. Contact with MDI can cause discoloration. Ingestion: Can result in irritation and corrosive action in the mouth, pharynx, stomach tissue and digestive tract,, Symptoms can include sore throat, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Acute oral LD50 in rat reported above 10,000 mg/kg. Carcinogenicity: IARC, NTP, and OSHA do not list this product as a carcinogen.

Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure

Individuals, who are sensitized to Isocyanates and those with preexisting lung diseases or conditions, including non-specific bronchial hyper reactivity or asthma, must avoid all exposure to isocyanates. Skin allergies and Eczema.

Potential chronic health

Inhalation: As a result of previous repeated overexposure or a single large dose, certain individuals develop isocyanate sensitization (chemical asthma), which will cause them to react to a later exposure to isocyanate at levels well below the TLV. These symptoms, which can include chest tightness, wheezing, cough, shortness of breath or asthma attack, could be immediate or delayed (up to several hours after exposure). Similar to many non-specific asthmatic responses, there are reports that once sensitized an individual can experience these symptoms upon exposure to dust, cold air or other irritants. This increased lung sensitivity can persist for weeks and in severe cases for several years. Overexposure to isocyanates has also been reported to cause lung damage (including decrease in lung function), which may be permanent. Sensitization can either be temporary or permanent. Skin: Prolonged contact can cause reddening, swelling, rash, scaling, blistering and in some cases, skin sensitization. Individuals who have skin sensitization can develop these symptoms from contact with liquid or vapors. Animal tests have indicated that respiratory sensitization can result from skin contact with MDI. This data reinforces the need to prevent direct skin contact with MDI. Eye: Prolonged vapor contact may cause conjunctivitis.