Ashland or its subsidiaries, registered in various countries120263

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

Emergency Overview Appearance: liquid WARNING! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. VAPOR MAY CAUSE FLASH FIRE. MAY AFFECT THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CAUSING DIZZINESS, HEADACHE OR NAUSEA. MAY CAUSE EYE IRRITATION. MAY CAUSE SKIN AND RESPIRATORY TRACT IRRITATION. PROLONGED OR REPEATED CONTACT MAY DRY SKIN AND CAUSE DERMATITIS AND BURNS.

Principle Routes of Exposure

Inhalation, Skin absorption, Skin contact, Eye Contact, Ingestion Eye contact Can cause eye irritation. Symptoms include stinging, tearing, redness, and swelling of eyes. Skin contact Can cause skin irritation. Symptoms may include redness and burning of skin, and other skin damage. Prolonged or repeated contact may dry the skin. Symptoms may include redness, burning, and drying and cracking of skin, skin burns, and other skin damage. Ingestion This material can get into the lungs during swallowing or vomiting. This results in lung inflammation and other lung injury. Inhalation Symptoms are not expected at air concentrations below the recommended exposure limits, if applicable (see Section 8.).

Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure

Preexisting disorders of the following organs (or organ systems) may be aggravated by exposure to this material:, Skin, lung (for example, asthma-like conditions), blood-forming system, Upper respiratory tract, Central nervous system, auditory system, Individuals with preexisting heart disorders maybe more susceptible to arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) if exposed to high concentrations of this material., Kidney Symptoms Signs and symptoms of exposure to this material through breathing, swallowing, and/or passage of the material through the skin may include:, metallic taste, stomach or intestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), irritation (nose, throat, airways), runny nose, Lung irritation, central nervous system excitation (giddiness, liveliness, light-headed feeling) followed by central nervous system depression (dizziness, drowsiness, weakness, fatigue, nausea, headache, unconsciousness) and other central nervous system effects, temporary changes in mood and behavior, Lowered blood pressure, mild, temporary changes in the liver, effects on heart rate, respiratory depression (slowing of the breathing rate), Lack of coordination, confusion, Difficulty in breathing, irregular heartbeat, lung edema (fluid buildup in the lung tissue), kidney damage, coma Target Organs Exposure to this material (or a component) has been found to cause kidney damage in male rats. The mechanism by which this toxicity occurs is specific to the male rat and the kidney effects are not expected to occur in humans., Breathing isopropanol vapors has caused damage to the lining of the middle ear in experimental animals. The relevance of this finding to humans is uncertain., Prolonged intentional toluene abuse may lead to damage to many organ systems having effects on: central and peripheral nervous systems, vision, hearing, liver, kidneys, heart and blood. Such abuse has been associated with brain damage characterized by disturbances in gait, personality changes and loss of memory. Comparable central nervous system effects have not been shown to result from occupational exposure to toluene., Prolonged intentional toluene abuse may lead to hearing loss progressing to deafness. In addition, while noise is known to cause hearing loss in humans, it has been suggested that workers exposed to organic solvents, including toluene, along with noise may suffer greater hearing loss than would be expected from exposure to noise alone., Overexposure to this material (or its components) has been suggested as a cause of the following effects in laboratory animals:, mild, reversible liver effects, mild, reversible kidney effects, blood abnormalities, respiratory tract damage (nose, throat, and airways), effects on hearing, central nervous system damage, Overexposure to this material (or its components) has been suggested as a cause of the following effects in humans:, kidney damage Carcinogenicity Vinyl acetate caused an increase in cancer of the nasal cavity in rats. The relevance of this finding to humans is uncertain. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) reclassified this chemical from Group 3 (not able to be classified) to Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic in humans) in 1995. This classification is based on the study in rats, along with knowledge that vinyl acetate is changed to acetaldehyde, a known animal carcinogen, in the body. Reproductive hazard Toluene may be harmful to the human fetus based on positive test results with laboratory animals. Case studies show that prolonged intentional abuse of toluene during pregnancy can cause birth defects in humans.