Ammonia

Hazard statements (CLP)

H221, H280, H314, H332

Code

Statements

H221

Flammable gas

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

GHS Classification GHS classification Flammable gases - Category 2 Gases under pressure - Liquefied gas Acute toxicity - Inhalation Category 4 Skin corrosion - Category 1B

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H221:Flammable gas. H280:Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated. H314:Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. H332:Harmful if inhaled. EUH071:Corrosive to the respiratory tract.

Prevention

P210:Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames, and other ignition sources. No smoking. P264:Wash hands thoroughly after handling. P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

Response

P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 :Immediately call a POISON CENTRE/doctor. P377 Leaking gas fire Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely

Storage

P403+P233:Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405:Store locked up.

Disposal

P501:Disposal of contents/container to be specified in accordance with regulations.

2.3 Other hazards

Flammable. Vapors may form explosive mixture with air. Immediate fire and explosion hazard exists when mixed with air at concentrations exceeding the lower flammability limit (LFL). Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective suit. Direct contact with liquid can cause frostbite. May react violently with water. Do not breathe gas. Corrosive to eyes, respiratory system and skin. Compressed liquefied gas.

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Flammable gases - Category 2 Gases under pressure - Liquefied gas. Acute toxicity - Inhalation Category 4 Skin corrosion - Category 1B GHS label elements Hazard pictograms/symbols Signal Word: Danger Hazard Statements: H221:Flammable gas. H280:Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated. H314:Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. H332:Harmful if inhaled. EUH071:Corrosive to the respiratory tract. Precautionary Statements: Prevention : P210:Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames, and other ignition sources. No smoking. P264:Wash hands thoroughly after handling. P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Response : P301+P330+P331 :IF SWALLOWED: rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P305+P351+P338 :IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 :Immediately call a POISON CENTRE/doctor. P377 :Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely. Storage : P403+P233:Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405:Store locked up. Disposal : P501:Disposal of contents/container to be specified in accordance with regulations. Hazards not otherwise classified Flammable. Vapors may form explosive mixture with air. Immediate fire and explosion hazard exists when mixed with air at concentrations exceeding the lower flammability limit (LFL). Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective suit. Direct contact with liquid can cause frostbite. May react violently with water. Do not breathe gas. Corrosive to eyes, respiratory system and skin. Compressed liquefied gas. 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Components CAS Number Concentration (Volume) Ammonia 7664-41-7 100 % Concentration is nominal. For the exact product composition, please refer to technical specifications. 4. FIRST AID MEASURES General advice : Remove victim to uncontaminated area wearing self contained breathing apparatus. Keep victim warm and rested. Call a doctor. Apply artificial respiration if breathing stopped. Use chemically protective clothing. Eye contact : In the case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. Keep eye wide open while rinsing. Skin contact : Flush with copious amounts of water until treatment is available. Immediate medical treatment is necessary as untreated wounds from corrosion of the skin heal slowly and badly. Ingestion : Ingestion is not considered a potential route of exposure. Inhalation : Move to fresh air. If breathing has stopped or is labored, give assisted respirations. Supplemental oxygen may be indicated. If the heart has stopped, trained personnel should begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation immediately. Mouth to mouth resuscitation is not recommended. Use a barrier device. If unconscious place in recovery position and seek medical advice. In case of shortness of breath, give oxygen. Consult a doctor. Most important : Aspiration may cause pulmonary edema and pneumonitis. Coughing, irritation symptoms/effects - acute and in the throat and nasal tract. May cause severe chemical burns to skin and delayed cornea. Suitable first-aid treatment should be immediately available. Seek medical advice before using product. Cough. Headache. Nausea. Immediate Medical Attention and Special Treatment Treatment : Treat bronchospasm and laryngeal edema if present. Observe for delayed chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary hemorrhage or edema. Obtain medical attention. If exposed or concerned: Get medical attention/advice. 5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES Suitable extinguishing media : All known extinguishing media can be used. Specific hazards : Extinguish fire only if gas flow can be stopped. If possible, shut-off source of gas and allow the fire to burn itself out. Downwind personnel must be evacuated. Ammonia can form explosive compounds when combine d with mercury. Upon exposure to intense heat or flame, cylinder will vent rapidly and or rupture violently. Product is nonflammable and does not support combustion. Use of water may result in the formation of very toxic aqueous solutions. Move away from container and cool with water from a protected position. Do not allow run-off from fire fighting to enter drains or water courses. Keep containers and surroundings cool with water spray. If possible, stop flow of product. Most cylinders are designed to vent contents when exposed to elevated temperatures. Special protective equipment : In the event of fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus. Use self-contained for fire-fighters breathing apparatus and chemically protective clothing. Further information : Use of water may result in the formation of very toxic aqueous solutions., Combustion by-products may be toxic., If flames are accidentally extinguished, explosive re-ignition may occur; therefore, appropriate measures should be taken(e.g. total evacuation to protect persons from cylinder fragments and toxic fumes) should a rupture occur., In the event of fire, cool tanks with water spray . 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES Personal Precautions, : Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Ventilate the Protective Equipment, and area. Approach suspected leak areas with caution. Use self-contained Emergency Procedures breathing apparatus or positive pressure air line with mask and escape pack in areas where concentration is unknown or above the exposure limits. Environmental precautions : Should not be released into the environment. Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Prevent from entering sewers, basements and workpits, or any place where its accumulation can be dangerous. Methods for cleaning up : Keep area evacuated and free from ignition sources until any spilled liquid has evaporated. (Ground free from frost.) Ventilate the area. Wash contaminated equipment or sites of leaks wit h copious quantities of water. Reduce vapor with fog or fine water spray. Additional advice : If possible, stop flow of product. Increase ventilation to the release area and monitor concentrations. If leak is from cylinder or cylinder valve, call the emergency telephone number. If the leak is in the user's system, close the cylinder valve, safely vent the pressure, and purge with an inert gas before attempting repairs. 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE Handling Use equipment rated for cylinder pressure. Cylinders should be stored upright with valve protection cap in place and firmly secured to prevent falling or being knocked over. Protect cylinders from physical damage; do not drag, roll, slide or drop. Do not allow storage area temperature to exceed 50°C (122°F). Only experienced and properly instructed persons should handle compressed gases/cryogenic liquids. Before using the product, determine its identity by reading the label. Know and understand the properties and hazards of the product before use. When doubt exists as to the correct handling procedure for a particular gas, contact the supplier. Do not remove or deface labels provided by the supplier for the identification of the cylinder contents. When moving cylinders, even for short distances, use a cart (trolley, hand truck, etc.) designed to transport cylinders. Leave valve protection caps in place until the container has been secured against either a wall or bench or placed in a container stand and is ready for use. Use an adjustable strap wrench to remove over-tight or rusted caps. Before connecting the container, check the complete gas system for suitability, particularly for pressure rating and materials. Before connecting the container for use, ensure that back feed from the system into the container is prevented. Ensure the complete gas system is compatible for pressure rating and materials of construction. Ensure the complete gas system has been checked for leaks before use. Employ suitable pressure regulating devices on all containers when the gas is being emitted to systems with lower pressure rating than that of the container. Never insert an object (e.g. wrench, screwdriver, pry bar, etc.) into valve cap openings. Doing so may damage valve, causing a leak to occur. Open valve slowly. If user experiences any difficulty operating cylinder valve discontinue use and contact supplier. Close container valve after each use and when empty, even if still connected to equipment. Never attempt to repair or modify container valves or safety relief devices. Damaged valves should be reported immediately to the supplier. Close valve after each use and when empty. Replace outlet caps or plugs and container caps as soon as container is disconnected from equipment. Do not subject containers to abnormal mechanical shock. Never attempt to lift a cylinder by its valve protection cap or guard. Do not use containers as rollers or supports or for any other purpose than to contain the gas as supplied. Never strike an arc on a compressed gas cylinder or make a cylinder a part of an electrical circuit. Keep container valve outlets clean and free from contaminates particularly oil and water. Do not smoke while handling product or cylinders. Never re-compress a gas or a gas mixture without first consulting the supplier. Never attempt to transfer gases from one cylinder/container to another. Always use backflow protective device in piping. Purge air from system before introducing gas. Purge system with dry inert gas (e.g. helium or nitrogen) before gas is introduced and when system is placed out of service. Avoid suckback of water, acid and alkalis. Installation of a cross purge assembly between the cylinder and the regulator is recommended. When returning cylinder install valve outlet cap or plug leak tight. Never use direct flame or electrical heating devices to raise the pressure of a container. Containers should not be subjected to temperatures above 50°C (122°F). Never attempt to increase liquid withdrawal rate by pressurizing the container without first checking with the supplier. Never permit liquefied gas to become trapped in parts of the system as this may result in hydraulic rupture. Storage Flammable storage areas should be separated from oxygen and other oxidizers by a minimum distance of 20 ft. (6.1 m.) or by a barrier of non-combustible material at least 5 ft. (1.5 m.) high, having a fire resistance rating of at least 1/2 hour. Post "No Smoking or Open Flames" signs in the storage areas. Use a back flow preventative device in the piping. Do not open valve until connected to equipment prepared for use. Use only with equipment of compatible materials of construction, rated for cylinder pressure. Close valve after each use and when empty. Read and follow the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) before use. Open/close valve slowly. Close when not in use. Wear Safety Eye Protection. Check Safety Data Sheet before use. Use a back flow preventative device in the piping. Do not open valve until connected to equipment prepared for use. Use only with equipment of compatible materials of construction, rated for cylinder pressure. Close valve after each use and when empty. Read and follow the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) before use. Full containers should be stored so that oldest stock is used first. Containers should be stored in a purpose build compound which should be well ventilated, preferably in the open air. Observe all regulations and local requirements regarding storage of containers. Stored containers should be periodically checked for general condition and leakage. Local codes may have special requirements for toxic gas storage. Protect containers stored in the open against rusting and extremes of weather. Containers should not be stored in conditions likely to encourage corrosion. Containers should be stored in the vertical position and properly secured to prevent toppling. The container valves should be tightly closed and where appropriate valve outlets should be capped or plugged. Container valve guards or caps should be in place. Keep containers tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place. Full and empty cylinders should be segregated. Do not allow storage temperature to exceed 50°C (122°F). Return empty containers in a timely manner. Technical measures/Precautions Containers containing flammable gases should be stored away from other combustible materials. Where necessary containers containing oxygen and oxidants should be separated from flammable gases by a fire resistant partition. Provide sufficient air exchange and/or exhaust in work rooms. Containers should be segregated in the storage area according to the various categories (e.g. flammable, toxic, etc.) and in accordance whit local regulations. 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION Engineering measures Handle product only in closed system or provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at machinery. Provide natural or explosion-proof ventilation adequate to ensure concentrations are kept below exposure limits. Provide readily accessible eye wash stations and safety showers. Personal protective equipment Respiratory protection : Keep self contained breathing apparatus readily available for emergency use. Use self-contained breathing apparatus or positive pressure air line with mask and escape pack in areas where concentration is unknown or above the exposure limits. Users of breathing apparatus must be trained. Hand protection : Sturdy work gloves are recommended for handling cylinders. Chemical-resistant, impervious gloves complying with an approved standard should be worn at all times when handling chemical products if a risk assessment indicates this is necessary. Eye protection : Safety glasses recommended when handling cylinders. A full faceshield should be worn in addition to safety glasses when connecting, disconnecting or opening cylinders. Skin and body protection : Use chemically protective clothing. Safety shoes are recommended when handling cylinders. Encapsulated chemical protective suit in emergency situations. Special instructions for : Ensure adequate ventilation, especially in confined areas. Provide good protection and hygiene ventilation and/or local exhaust to prevent accumulation of concentrations above exposure limits. Exposure limit(s) Ammonia Time Weighted Average (TWA): ACGIH 25 ppm - Ammonia Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): ACGIH 35 ppm - Ammonia Recommended exposure limit (REL): NIOSH 25 ppm 18 mg/m3 Ammonia Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): NIOSH 35 ppm 27 mg/m3 Ammonia Permissible exposure limit: OSHA Z1 50 ppm 35 mg/m3 Ammonia Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): OSHA Z1A 35 ppm 27 mg/m3 Ammonia Time Weighted Average (TWA) Permissible 25 ppm 18 mg/m3 Exposure Limit (PEL): US CA OEL Ammonia Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): US CA OEL 35 ppm 27 mg/m3 Ammonia Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): TN OEL 35 ppm 27 mg/m3 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance : Liquefied gas. Colorless gas Odor : Ammoniacal. Odor threshold : No data available. pH : Not applicable. Melting point/range : -108 °F (-77.7 °C) Boiling point/range : -28 °F (-33.5 °C) Flash point : Not applicable. Evaporation rate : Not applicable. Flammability (solid, gas) : Refer to product classification in Section 2 Upper/lower : 28 %(V) / 15 %(V) explosion/flammability limit Vapor pressure : 124.73 psia (8.60 bara) at 68 °F (20 °C) Water solubility : Hydrolyses. Relative vapor density : 0.588 (air = 1) Relative density : 0.7 (water = 1)